Английский язык 11 класс Рабочая тетрадь Биболетова часть 1

' \ РАБОЧАЯ ТЕТРАДЬ № 1 учени класса школы Workbook 1 М. 3. Биболетова, Е. Е.Бабушис^ Н.Д. Снежко !к! 5» i о/ i Ч-.у Ь ^ W <. 2ЯЙ BMQDffl ira^®^ [IrogD D§to Рабочая тетрадь № 1 к учебнику для 1 1 класса общеобразовательных учреждений и 3 Д A Т т и Е Л т ь с т у в О л Т 1 Р и в L т 1 S и Н Е L R S 2011 ББК 81.2АНГЛ-922 Б59 УДК 802.0(075.3) Биболетова М. 3., Бабушис Е. Е., Снежко Н. Д. Б59 Английский язык: Английский с удовольствием / Enjoy English: Рабочая тетрадь № 1 к учебнику для 11 кл. общеобраз. учрежд.— Обнинск: Титул, 2011.— 96 с.: ил. ISBN 978-5-86866-512-7 Рабочая тетрадь является составной частью учебно-методического комплекта “Английский с удовольствием” для 11-го класса общеобразовательных учреждений, в которых английский язык изучается с 1-го или 2-го класса, и тесно связана с учебником структурно и содержательно. Основное ее назначение — помочь учащимся закрепить и активизировать материал учебника: автоматизировать лексико-грамматические навыки, развивать умения учащихся в письменной речи. Рабочая тетрадь содержит разнообразные задания, позволяющие реализовать личностно-ориентированный подход при работе с учащимися с разным уровнем подготовки и разными интересами. В тетради содержатся задания, обучающие работе с информацией, а также задания, ориентирующие на практическое использование иностранного языка в дальнейшей учебной деятельности. В тетрадь включены некоторые типы заданий, часто используемые в ЕГЭ и других системах тестирования, что готовит учащихся к объективному контролю и самоконтролю в процессе изучения английского языка. Рабочая тетрадь соответствует уровню подготовки учащихся, рекомендованному для данного года обучения государственным стандартом общего образования Российской Федерации по иностранным языкам. ББК 81.2АНГЛ-922 ISBN 978-5-86866-512-7 ' М. 3. Биболетова, Е. Е. Бабушис, Н. Д. Снежко, 2009 ' Издательство “Титул”, дизайн, воспроизведение, распространение, 2009 Contents Unit 1 What do young people face in society today?....4 Section 1..........................................4 Section 2..........................................9 Section 3.........................................15 Section 4.........................................17 Section 5.........................................20 Unit 2 The joh of your dreams.........................24 Section 1.........................................24 Section 2.........................................28 Section 3.........................................32 Section 4.........................................35 Unit 3 Heading for a better new world?................38 Section 1.........................................38 Section 2.........................................41 Section 3.........................................44 Section 4.........................................50 Section 5.........................................53 Section 6.........................................56 Section 7.........................................59 Unit 4 Where are you from?............................63 Section 1.........................................63 Section 2.........................................67 Section 3.........................................72 Section 4....................................... 76 Project “Nanotechnology and how we can benefit from it”.......................................79 i. > 4. i •j?-- • i"" g ^ •!' •■ %^ЩЩ I ^ imt do young people face in society today? Section 1 1 i Which word doesn’t go with the word language? Cross it out. a) b) native — education modern practice bilingual language language exchange sign barrier abusive fence dead laboratory c) Match the words to make collocations. tongue skills language twister 2 Match the sentence halves. Mind grammar tenses. Michael has been learning a foreign language Stuart started learning French when he got interested in the fashion business. learn languages for business and academic purposes. Europeans believe that hieroglyphic writing Millions of young people throughout the world for two years but he can’t speak fluently yet. but she’s gained proficiency in three foreign languages. j Katy is not:a particularly diligenlfstudent. is the most difficult thing about learning Chinese. 3 I Answer the questions in Ex. 1, p. 8 in Student’s Book. UNIT 1 Section 1 4 I Choose the correct word. 1 I don’t go to the dentist very often — my teeth is/are quite healthy. 2 The emergency services work very efficiently in the state. The police, for example, normally come/comes within four minutes after the emergency call. 3 His haircut was nice and very neat, but his clothes was/were outrageous — people were staring at him! 4 The jeans fit/fits you perfectly. If I were you, I would buy it/them straight away. 5 Buy some fruit for dinner, will you? The money is/are in my handbag. 6 The situation in the fire region was dangerous. The news was/were coming in every half an hour. 5 I Listen to the radio programme and complete the sentences. See Ex. 9, p. 10 in Student’s Book. 1 “Crazy English” is a method of___________________________________________________________ Students practise it by _________________________________________________________________ 2 3 4 This method helps them to __________________________ The school administration is against this method because 5 “Crazy English” was developed when ___________ 6 Li Yang realised that reading his work out loud 7 According to the exam results, Li Yang was 8 In 1994 he started _____________________ 9 Today about ____________________________ people practise this method. 6 IRead through the text in Ex. 15, p. 12 in Student’s Book and put the adjectives you find in the table. Use the words from the list (see Ex. 17, p. 12) and add more examples of your own. suffix examples -al -ant, -ent, -ient -ed -ing -ful -ic -ive -less -ious, -ous -ihle, -able -T 1 UNIT Section 7 IFind examples of passive voice in the texts ш Lx. 2~ ~ . 5 - rr n хааях • Write them in the table. г - Passive be - Present simple is / are + 1 Present continuous is / are being + Past simple was / were + Past continuous was / were being + | Future simple will be + Present perfect have / has been + Past perfect had been + Future perfect will have been + Modals + infinitive should/can!... + be + Modals + perfect infinitive should/can!... + have been + 8 j Complete the gaps in the sentences below with the correct form in passive voice. See Ex. 29, p. 16 in Student’s Book. 1 During the last lesson students_____________ 2 At the moment an intensive language course 3 A new French textbook_______________________ (expose) to some authentic language. ________________(organise). (write) recently. 4 Some people think that soon a simplified version of English by many people. (use) 5 They said that the book____________ 6 By June 2015 our language research 7 His article________________________ the meeting. 8 The essay should . (discuss) when he arrived at _______(finish) yesterday. (translate) from German in 1989. _____________(complete). <ф- UNIT 1 Section 1 9 IRead the opinions in Ex. 27, p. 15-16 in Student’s Book and complete the table. See Ex. 31, p. 17. English should be simplified because i English should not be simplified because iO IDo Exs. 36-37, p. 18 in Student’s Book and complete the table. World language ranking Number of Number of speakers native speakers as a second language Total number of speakers r~ ^ { i . 1 i 1 1 ' 1 j t 111 Match contrasting ideas. Underline the linking words of contrast. 1 Europeans usually think that the most difficult thing about learning Chinese is hieroglyphic writing. 2 There are lots of electronic devices nowadays which help translate foreign speech. 3 Even though the idea of simplifying English is popular with students, 4 Some students find English spelling very challenging, 5 On the one hand immersion courses are very good for breaking language barriers. 6 Though computer-based learning is increasing in popularity, 7 Some people think that kids usually learn languages more quickly and easily than adult students. a) most English teachers don’t take it seriously. b) it’s not used efficiently for learning languages. c) However, speaking that language is extremely challenging for a foreigner too. d) In contrast, there is an opinion that adults are more motivated and can learn better as they know what learning strategies work better. e) Nevertheless, the number of people learning languages is increasing. f) On the other hand, they are usually quite expensive and too short and don’t meet the expected standards. g) but others think it’s pronunciation that causes more problems. UNIT 1 Section 1 12 i а) Match the opinions and the arguments for each of them. *'<*1 A: ‘ I believe the best way to learn a foreign language is via the internet. B: In my opinion, people can gain language proficiency only if they start learning it in their childhood. C: There are lots of ways to learn a foreign language, but an immersion course is the most effective way. E^Sy^^knows that little kids are very per^ also enhances learning. Argument 2 time studying. y;„ canl «Га.^Ь.Иу’:”" AnvlaTauaL needs to be learned via communication, of sneakine because they don’t want to look funny or stupid. However, wtn nobS; unLrLnds , Jr native language you have no choice. You have to practise to survive and it works very effectively. b) Write an essay “The best way to learn English”. Follow the layout. State your opinion ___________________________________________ Write 1-2 arguments for your opinion Write 1 possible argument against it Sum everything up and repeat your opinion in different wording UNIT Section Section 2 L 1 'Do Exs. 43-44, p. 20 in Student’s Book and complete the table. Questions Your answers before listening Your answers after listening 1 How fast is the world’s population growing? 2 What per cent of the world’s population lives in cities? 3 How many people travel by aeroplane? 4 Is China’s booming economy leading to new trends in global tourism? 5 Are some parts of the world cut off from the internet? 6 Which are the world’s major religions? 7 Does Hollywood really win against Bollywood? 8 What has been the impact of the population boom in developing countries? 9 Which country leads the way in allowing young people to vote? 10 What is one of the most significant problems in education today? 11 And finally, who could be hit worst by one of the biggest problems of today’s information society, that is, junk e-mail? 2 I Fill in the table. See Ex. 47, p. 21 in Student’s Book. verb noun adjective decrease deteriorate develop fall grow improve increase lessen rise strengthen UNIT Section 2 3 Match the opposite words. booming opponent supporter deterioration significantly slightly national decrease _ improvement global increase falling Match the words to make meaningful expressions. Each word can be used once only. multinational idea global technology improved corporations controversial deals increasing village trade concern 5 Fill in the blanks with the words from the box. I crush inflation influence concern exploitation I non-accountable dependent diverse lessens observe 1 Anti-globalist leaders say that they want to raise people’s __ environment and their national economies. 2 According to the opponents of globalisation global companies . national companies and make the country’s economy_____________ businesses. for the 3 Supporters of globalisation insist that global companies help fight_ create new jobs, which_____________________the unemployment rate. on the world big ___________and 4 Global companies’ managers say that they. the human rights of their employees and offer them good compensation for their work. 5 Anti-globalists insist that when big money is involved, corporations become and it’s very difficult to fine them for the___________________________ of immigrants or for child labour. 6 Supporters of globalisation explain that nowadays, due to modern technologies and communications, no country can escape the________________________of other countries’ economies. 7 Consumers are usually quite happy with the effect of globalisation as global trade creates local markets. 10 UNIT 1 Section 2 f > V 6 I Cross out one word which doesn’t normally go with the word in bold, a) b) group multinational corporation technology society corporation non-accountable government politician culture 7 I Use the words from the box and write expressions with the following adjectives. I economy development tourism country market argument construction I proposal business idea issue policy decision investment person film controversial booming 8 i Make up sentences from the words. 1 improve / New technologies / different countries / the standard of living / in 2 their qualifications / who want to upgrade / The number of people / or take retrain courses / is rising 3 Communication technologies / people / and the number of internet users / over very long distances / is growing constantly / connect 4 between companies / the market more diverse / Fair competition / improves / and makes / the quality of goods UNIT 1 Section 2 1 1 9 I Read the descriptions of negative changes and underline the change-verbs. Write about positive changes in the corresponding spheres. The environment is deteriorating due to people’s industrial activity and overconsumption. Robot technologies decrease the number of unskilled workers, which can lead to an increase in the unemployment rate. The internet technologies lessen the need for face-to-face communication and, as a result, people feel lonely. According to the survey, lots of people think that educational standards in schools are falling and it can cause qualified labour shortage in the near future. 101 Complete the table with the phrases below. See Ex. 60, p. 24 in Student’s Book. to be against something to be positive towards something to approve of something to disapprove of something to be in favour of something to oppose something to be negative towards something to support something Phrases to support and to oppose an idea For: Against: I .. j _ incomplete the following sentences. See Ex. 66, p. 26 in Student’s Book. 1 The research wanted to find out what teenagers thought about globalisation because 2 The research wanted to check two hypotheses: a) Teenagers are_________________________________ They want to consume _______ They want to learn more about 12 UNIT 1 Section 2 b) Teenagers are They are not interested in_________ 3 The teenagers were from_______________ 4 They were from_______________________ and___________________________. 5 The results of the research suggest that to years old. 12|Read the conversation and use the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms. A: I heard the information in the morning news about an anti-globalist demonstration in our town. B: _____________(1) you? Really? I never thought that anything of the kind could ever happen in our quiet place. And what do they want? A: They protest against the construction of an international airport near our town. They say that intense air traffic__________________________________(2) the environment and can be dangerous to local people. ___________________________________(3) air pollution? Not only. They say that noise pollution is very bad for people too. This argument is difficult to beat. And what does our Civic Council say? They seem to be for that project. They say that it_______________________ (4) the economic and social situation in the town and in the whole region. B: And it’s probably true. I know that several businesses in the region________(5) bankrupt and lots of people _________________________ (6) their jobs recently. Constructing the airport and then running it_________________________(7) plenty of new jobs and_______________________(8) the unemployment. A: Tm not sure it will. Only people with appropriate qualifications ______________________(9) for those jobs. And people here don’t meet the requirements, I’m afraid. B: But they can obtain necessary qualifications. They can take a retraining course. I think people will agree to learn again if afterwards they ____________________________________(10) well-paid jobs. DO AFFECT THEY/MEAN IMPROVE GO LOSE CREATE LESSEN REQUIRE OFFER UNIT 1 Section 2 13 А: Right. And a good transportation centre . the economy of the region in general. B: But how about ecology and pollution? (11) REINFORCE A: I don’t know, really... The airport is a very controversial issue... 131 Complete the following statements with your notes from Ex. 73, p. 28. See Ex. 74 in Student’s Book. 1 Sociologists designed__________________________________to analyse and describe migration. 2 In terms of migration, they divide countries into two groups: and 3 Leaving one country, migrants are looking for____________ 4 The most serious push factors that make people emigrate are . These are_____________________________and________________ in another. 5 Other push factors that should be taken into consideration are and 6 There are global factors that make people migrate, for example, and_____________________________________. 7 The most important pull factors are----------------------- 141 Complete an essay on how people feel about globalisation. The q\oba\\eat^\on ргосеэб \e a very controvereial and debatable i06ue. Doe6 it do good or harm to ord^\r\ary people? There are different opinion© about it. Supporter© of the global ivorld believe that _____________________________________________ Anti-globalists’ arguments are convincing too. The debates between globalists and anti-globalists are likely to continue in the near future. The issue is very controversial and there are lots of arguments for and against the process. Globalisation, meanwhile, is progressing and seems to be turning into an irreversible process. 14 UNIT Section 1 Section 3 I IF Use the appropriate prepositions from the box. I for on to from to for with | be tolerant_________other cultures be dependent__________imported raw materials be financially independent__________parents object. argue _ fight _ _ construction plans _ opponents social rights be responsible financial collapse 211 Make up adjectives from the following nouns and write them in the appropriate column. confidence allergy difference conversation effect dependency exclusion authenticity care period account comfort politics expense acceptance controversy appeal boom -ive -ic J -ent -able -al, -ial -ing 1 3 1 Rephrase the sentences using the passive structure modal + be + Vy 1 You should write your suggestions and submit them to the tutor by next Tuesday. 2 You should never neglect your pets as they are not able to take care of themselves. 3 We should discover the truth and publish the story immediately. 4 The authorities shouldn’t keep people unaware of their political and social rights. UNIT Section 3 15 5 Nobody should abuse people because of their nationality or religious beliefs. 6 The government should protect elderly people’s right to a decent standard of living. 4 ■ Use appropriate modal verbs. Most people are aware of their rights, but they__________________________(1) forget that rights entail responsibilities. If a person has the right to education, this means that society_____________________(2) provide him with the opportunity to get it. The individual, in his turn. (3) do his best to acquire knowledge and skills and to contribute to a good working environment in the classroom. Otherwise, he_______________________(4) abuse the rights of other people: • those of the classmates, who___________________(5) be deprived of their right because of inadequate working conditions; • those of the staff, who________________(6) work in non-encouraging environment; those of lots of taxpayers, who _ (7) feel that their money is being wasted. 5 I Group the linking devices from the list in Ex. 94, p. 33 according to their function. Write them down. introducing:____________________________________________________________________ sequencing ideas: expressing contrast: stating results: giving examples: adding: concluding: 16 UNIT 1 Section 3 6 I Complete the essay. Use the appropriate linking words (see Ex. 94, p. 33). The right I consider the most important Some people are not aware of the rights they have. For example, most of my frien^is have never thought about the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. While, in fact, there are lots of rights liste^i there. Some of them are vitally important. I personally think that the most important right, apart from the right to live of course, is the right _________________________________________________________________ To summarise, I want to highlight the Idea that ^iifferent people wouW nominate i^lifferent rights for Right No 1. That’s why every right ehould be observe^;! and none of them ehould be neglecte^i. Section 4 1 I Cross out the word which doesn’t go with the word politics. national international aggressive domestic internal POLITICS sociable realistic flexible controversial peaceful 2 I Choose and circle five most important characteristics for a successful politician. good-looking, communicative, smart, intelligent, well-educated, responsible, fluent in languages, ambitious, practical, aggressive, well-read, flexible, talented, hard-working, creative. UNIT 1 Sections 3, 4 17 3 Write a few lines to develop the following statements. 1 A political leader should be communicative because 2 A political leader should be fluent in languages because 3 A political leader should be responsible because 4 Use the A'erbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms. A: Hi! What are you doing? B: Just browsing the internet, can’t you see? A: What for?...............................(1) for anything? B: Yes, I need to write an essay on a political leader. I______________________________(2) for an hour already but I really don’t know whom to choose. A: This means that you are quite indifferent to politics, aren’t you? B: That’s right. I______________________(3) to be interested in it a couple of years ago. I even analysed the results of elections and felt disadvantaged that I_________________________(4) the right to vote yet. However now I think there are more important things than politics. YOU/LOOK BROWSE USE NOT/HAVE 18 UNIT Section А: В: I see. But whom are you going to write about, after all? I don’t know. Have no idea at all. Well, it’s just occurred to me... Tf T were you, T___ about Benazir Bhutto. (^) B: A: B: B; A: B: A: B: A: B: Who is he? Not he but she. She was a prominent politician and a charismatic person. Tell me more about her.________________________(b) a pnlitirian is a tniigh jcih, for women especially. Well, Bhutto’s biographers think that she was born to become a politician as she was the eldest child in the family of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister of Pakistan. She was the first woman whn__________________________(7) tn rule a Muslim state — she chaired the Pakistan Peoples Party and _____________________________(8) the post of Prime Minister twice in 1988-1990 and in 1993-1996. Sounds impressive. Go on. Her political career wasn’t smooth. She had Jots of opponents and ________________________(9) botli success and failure. Politics is a very controversial tiling — you never know wliat’s true and wliat’s not. Once Benazir________________________(10) of corruption but tlien the allegations were witlidrawn. I tliink it was her opponents’ trick. And is she still in politics? Unfortunately, no. She was the leading opposition candidate for tlie general elections in 2008 and, I tliink, had a good chance to become President of Pakistan. But Benazir Bhutto _______________________(11) two weeks before the Pakistani general elections. Do you mean that it wasn’t an accident? Oh no! It was an assassination, a murder for political purposes. Several shots ______________________(12) at her car. One of them caused her death. I feel that I want to find out more about that outstanding woman. Could you spell her name — I’ll type it into the search bar. WRITE BE ELECT OCCUPY EXPERIENCE ACCUSE MURDER FIRE UNIT Section 4 19 5 ! Solve the “Political Puzzle”. Down: 1 Margaret Thatcher was the leader of the ... Party and Prime Minister of Great Britain. 2 Realistic political leaders believe that disagreements should be solved through ... , and never through armed conflicts. 3 The ... Party is one of the two major contemporary political parties in the United States. 4 When people want to support a candidate, they ... for him / her in a political election. 5 When people change a political system by force, they make г. ... . 10 6 Lots of former colonies spent centuries to become ... states. 7 All politics related things are called ... issues. Across: 1 ... issues causes lots of disagreements because people have different opinions on them. 7 ... is the main law-making institution in the UK. 8 Gordon Brown became the leader of the ... Party of Great Britain in 2007. He was preceded by Tony Blair. 9 Progressive political leaders promote the idea of cultural, political and religious .... They object to violence and fighting. 10 Unwise economic policy can lead to an economic ..., which leads to unemployment and inflation. Section 5 1 Tick the things you cannot do without. Complete the passages on p. 21. % 4S5S- □ a cooker ^ 1 soap □ a washing machine ^ 1 toothpaste □ an air conditioner О make-up remover lotion □ a lawnmower ^ 1 after shave lotion □ a dishwasher ^ 1 shampoo \ \ 't □ make-up ^ 1 shower gel □ body deodorant ^ 1 perfume □ air deodorant ^ 1 disposable paper napkins IS' □ hair styling spray ^ 1 plastic dishes 20 UNIT 1 Sections 4, 5 г know that иб'щ cannot do without it. i need can be harmful to the environment, but ________ when ___________________________ The thing 1 can do without eaoily ie becauoe ______________________________ don’t need it 2 JMatch the words to make meaningful expressions. Check them in the texts in Ex. 112, p. 37 in Student’s Book. harmful foam soap food plastic to the environment organic ? - cloth waste container disposable of energy 3 I Read the texts in Ex. 112, p. 37 in Student’s Book. Find and write down the words which mean: things can be called like that when they can exist or be used together designed to be thrown away after you have used it once or just a few times extremely made of waste materials to put an amount of something into a container but not for the first time a flat piece of plastic, metal, or wood with raised edges, used for carrying things such as plates or food a date printed on something you buy that shows that it may be less safe to eat or less effective after this date 4 I Fill in the words from the box. I disposable compatible perfume recycled wrap 1 Yes, I’m buying this vase. Could you______________ it, please? 2 I’ve packed everything for the picnic. We’ve got chips, drinks, some meat and_____________ dishes and glasses. 3 I wanted to install this computer game, but it’s not___________________with my computer software. UNIT 1 Section 5 21 4 I wanted to apply some__________________ 5 Have a look, these books are made from . 5 Fill in the articles as necessary. Alice: You look so tanned in____________ but changed my mind — my friend is allergic to it. __________________paper, but the quality is very good. Monica: ________(1) middle of winter! What do you do for that? You look as if you were just from____________(2) sunny seaside resort. I wish it were true. But no, it’s more prosaic. This is_____________(3) artificial suntan — I’ve got it in solarium. It’s available at_________(4) reasonable charge, and it’s right near my house. Alice: I’ve never been to a solarium. What’s it like? Monica: Oh, they can be different.____________(5) solarium I’ve been to is very small and there is ___________(6) bed there and____________(7) few bright lamps. You need to lie on your back, with your eyes closed, and than roll around and lie on____________(8) belly. Alice: And are you sure that getting tan in a solarium is safe enough? I’m afraid that it can be dangerous for___________________(9) skin, can’t it? Monica: It certainly can. That’s why it’s very important to make sure that you don’t exceed ______________________(10) time recommended for each session. Don’t try to get everything in one time. Alice: But I heard that. (11) safety also depends on . used in the solarium. If. _______(12) equipment (13) lamps are old or haven’t been maintained Monica: properly, you can be burnt. You may be right, to some extent. I know that_________________(14) doctors do not recommend using a solarium very often. But I like it when my skin looks tanned... Alice: You, probably, can consider using___________(15) cosmetics instead. You know, there are some creams that can give your skin__________(16) touch of tan if you use them regularly. 6 I Fill in the prepositions to complete the expressions. See Ex. 119, p. 40 in Student’s Book. Check your answers in the text. 1 an addition 2 to engage__ the Convention trading the agreement came to deal_______ force climate change to contribute_______ growth changes are required. reasons . socio-economic many 22 UNIT 1 Sea:- 7 I Answer the questions. Present arguments to support your point of view. 1 What do you think is the biggest threat to people today? Is it global war, global warming, diseases, stress, or any other? 2 In what way do you think people can lessen the negative impact of their activity on the environment? 3 What should people do to make your region / city a safer and nicer place to live in? 8 1 Listen to the people (see Ex. 128, p. 41 in Student’s Book) and complete the table. reasons against using mobiles while driving reasons for using mobiles while driving actions to prevent people from using mobiles while driving . UNIT 1 Section 5 Г'-'Ч** ..ЧГ e- 23 .ЛёШ' I ' ■ I Шё job of your dreams Section 1 1 IFill in the blanks with the adjectives in the box. You can use each word once only. I challenging stressful rewarding well-paid prestigious | 1 Jill is qualified and she had no problem when applying for the job. Now she can afford a new flat as her job is very________________________ 2 The only person who can help you complete this difficult job is Bertie. He enjoys tasks. 3 Mary doesn’t earn much but she is very happy with her job of a music teacher. She says it’s very to work with children. 4 Jim says that he’d rather do a simple but exciting job than a_______________________but boring one. 5 Jenny is not very good at languages and she gets very nervous when she has to negotiate contracts with foreign partners. Actually, she finds her job too________________________for her and is going to quit. 2 I Write your answers to the questions in Ex. 6, p. 47 in Student’s Book. 3 {Listen to the teenagers talking about how to choose a profession (see Ex. 7, p. 47 in Student’s Book) and complete the table. ШЙ Tim Mary Hate Question 1 Question 2 Question 3 Question 4 Question 5 24 UNIT i Section I 4 I а) Look at the pictures below. Put the phrases in the right column. You can use each phrase more than once. supportive workmates a good salary nobody can ever fire you good promotion opportunities being your own boss meeting new people health insurance focus on your personal responsibilities a family atmosphere an opportunity to learn what other people do a large range of responsibilities an opportunity to plan your day Advantages of being self-employed working for a large company working for a small company b) Write if you would like to work for a large company/a small company/be self-employed. Explain why. Use the above expressions. UNIT Section 1 25 5 i Divide the words and expressions in Ex. 9, p. 48 into two categories and fill in the table. Personal qualities Professional qualities or knowledge 6 ! Fill in the words from the box to describe the people in the situations below. ! competitive supportive competent ambitious persistent committed 1 It’s nice to work with James. He is always ready to help and explain things to other people. He is very___________________________ 2 Cathy takes every chance to gain additional qualifications. Career means a lot to her. She is very 3 Michael believes that taking different professional courses is essential to update qualifications and to be________________________on the labour market. 4 Mary has always worked in education and has never thought about changing the job. She is to teaching. 5 We are sure that James will manage to find new arguments and make the boss change the decision. When James wants something, he is very_______________________ 6 It’s very unwise to fire Alan. He’s been working for the company longer than many others and knows all the ins and outs of the job. He is very____________________ 7 I Fill in the table with the correct form of the words. See Ex. 11, p. 48 in Student’s Book. noun adjective verb imaginative professional — creative competent — enthusiastic responsible — competitive persistent inspirational 26 UNIT 2 Section 1 8 jRead the example and write a passage about the most important quality for people " in the following jobs; • an ambulance driver • a hotel manager • an architect • an air traffic controller Example: It's very important for an ambulance driver to be committed to the job. The job is really difficult and very stressful and not everyone is able to cope with the stress. A driver usually works shifts and sleepless nights are part of the job. He should always be very careful and act quickly as someone's life depends on his professional skills. ii : ‘ i*' -^1 a hotel manager an architect an air traffic controller UNIT £ Section I 27 9 I Read Sophie’s letter to the local magazine and give her some advice. Explain your reasons. Dear readers of “Family Life”! I’m writing to ask you for advioe on a private but very important matter. My daughter is oompleting her sohool eduoation and naturally the whole family are involved in the disoussion about her future oareer. Yesterday my daughter said that she had made her ohoioe and she would be a tube train driver. It sounds so weird to me! Traditionally only boys oould be train drivers, and I oan’t imagine my delioate girl doing a job like that! What arguments should I use to talk her out of it? Or should I aooept her ohoioe and not intervene in her life? Grateful for any oomments from you. Yours, Sophie Chester Dear Sophie, 1 i Match the words to make meaningful expressions. higher background undergraduate education educational degree retraining subject Bachelor’s student major course 28 UNIT 7 Sections I, 2 2 I Fill in prepositions as necessary. My elder brother has always been interested____________(1) computer technologies. When he left school, he didn’t think much about what to do further, the goal was obvious to him — he wanted to go to university. However, he was a bit unlucky_____________(2) the entrance exams and failed. It was a shock____________(3) him, but he didn’t give up. He enrolled_____________(4) the foundation course to be better prepared the next year and succeeded. His first year ____________(5) university was not easy but he managed and completed it____________(6) very good results. He majored ____________(7) Information Technology and Programming Languages, as far as I remember. When he graduated_______________(8) the university, he had already gained some work experience ____________(9) his field as he had been doing a part-time job__________(10) a software company. Later he was involved___________(11) several international projects and benefited------------(12) challenging tasks and teamwork with foreign experts. He says that he was lucky to make the right career choice and has never regretted it. 3 I Put ticks in the table to indicate correct expressions. See Ex. 43, p. 57 in Student’s Book. school college university go to attend study at enter get into/in leave get an education at graduate from 4 I Read the conversation between the host of the University Anniversary Event and their guest Mr Clark. Fill in the blanks with the correct options. Event Host: We are happy that among our guests we can see Dr Clark. He’s one of the most famous alumnus of this university, a person, whose name is well-known not only in this country, but widely abroad. Dr Clark, do you remember your university years? Dr Clark: Who can ever forget university years? I______________________________(1) the Faculty of Biology thirty years ago. It was my dream faculty. I___________________________(2) about it since my mid-school, when I came across a fascinating book on biology about tiny organisms that___________________________(3) in our bodies. Unbelievable, UNIT Section 2 29 but I viruses! I remember. (4) reading a scientific stuff about bacteria and _________________(5) the title of the book nor the author, Event Host: Dr Clark: but it was the reason to chose microbiology as one of my majors. _____________________________(6) your choice since then? Never. I know that I’m a lucky person. All my life I__________ things I really enjoy. I__________________ (7) ____________________(8) nights over the microscope in the lab and was thrilled to bits! Researching was like driving a sports car to me. Event Host: If I remember it right, you discovered a new virus when you were still a student, ____________________________________(9) you? Yes, that’s true. And later a vaccine to fight it________________(10). Dr Clark Event Host Dr Clark You headed the international team working on it. It was a challenging project. Challenging, and very rewarding too. It’s nice to know that lots of people can benefit__________________________(11) your work. But university life is not all about studying. I remember our parties, trips and even exams. Lots of brilliant ideas came during exams! I bet you’ll remember your exams too. 1 a) enter b) entered c) have entered d) was entered 2 a) thought b) was thinking c) ’ve been thinking d) ’d been thinking 3 a) life b) live c) living d) having lived 4 a) enjoy b) ’ve enjoyed c) enjoyed d) ’d enjoyed 5 a) not b) no c) neither d) non 6 a) Do you ever b) Did you ever c) Have you ever d) Had you ever regret regret regretted regretted 7 a) do b) did c) ’ve done d) ’ve been doing 8 a) spent b) ’ve spent c) ’ve been spending d) ’d been spending 9 a) don’t b) didn’t c) haven’t d) wasn’t 10 a) created b) was created c) have created d) have been created 11 a) from b) for c) on d) out of 5 ! Complete the columns about the USA and Russia. See Exs. 55-56, p. 61 in Student’s Book. The USA lussta Where can you get a vocational education? Are there any entrance exams? What are the minimum entrance requirements? Who studies there? How long is the course? What qualifications are given at the end of the course? What types of programmes are there? 30 UNIT I Section 2 6 ; Write down the advantages of studying at a vocational college or university. See Ex. 59, p. 61 in Student’s Book. University Vocational college • gives more prestigious qualifications • provides better job opportunities • secures hiring preference for university graduates • is easier to enter • has shorter courses 7 i Put the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms to express future actions ' (active or passive). My neighbour is an incredible optimist. He believes that all his ideas are brilliant and never considers them twice. When he starts talking about his brilliant plans, he doesn’t let anyone challenge them. This is what he said to me last Monday: “The teacher told us to submit our written assignments in December, but mine ______________________________________(1) by November, because 1 have more important things to do in November. At the beginning of November I_____________________________________(2) the Japanese language and then I_____________________________________(3) films about martial arts in Japan in the original. After that, 1__________________________________(4) to Japan for New Year holidays. By December 1______________________________________(5) the plane ticket and 1________________________—_ visa by then. When I_______________________________________ to enrol in a driving course. So, 1________________________ a driving license by the end of January. It’s a pity that I_______________________________________(9) a car by then. (6) with the Japanese (7) back, 1 plan (8) WRITE STUDY WATCH GO BUY GRANT COME GET NOT/BUY UNIT I Section 2 31 8 I Complete the essay about your educational plans. What to do after school? There is not much time ieft before the end of schooi and i have to conelder my future. Section 3 1 ITick the words that describe your feelings before an exam. П excited I I anxious ' ' nervous uneasy tense indifferent calm I I frightened I I terrified I I depressed I I thrilled I I puzzled П worried 2 i Complete the paragraph to describe your pre-exam feelings. Most peopie worry about their exam resuits and it makes them feei nervous and even depressed before any test. As for me, _______________________________________ 32 UNIT 2 Sections 2 3 Put the words and phrases in three columns. test, quiz, written exam, finals, entrance exam, sit an exam, exam questions, computer-based exam, internet-hased exam, take an exam, oral exam, pass an exam, exam hoard, pen and paper exam, fail an exam, exam results, study for an exam, exam papers, read for an exam, exam supervisor types of exams students’ exam-related actions exam-related people or things 4 Spill in the words from the box. You may use each word more than once. 1 Jim felt_____________nervous during his literature < more as exam that he wasn’t able to name a single American writer of the twentieth century. 2 Tom’s teacher-distracting-tricks seemed_______________a good plan that no one bothered to do any revision before the exam. 3 The examiner read the task________________quietly that people sitting in the last row were not able to write it down. 4 Most students found the exam questions________________difficult that they expected. 5 Angela enjoyed the exam procedure. The teacher spoke to her in________________a friendly and encouraging way that she forgot her fears and produced very smart answers. 6 The exam task required________________time than I allocated for it, so I failed. 7 I find oral exams______________difficult______________written ones. Everything depends on whether you know the subject or not. 5 I Use the appropriate conditional forms. 1 I__________________________(help) you yesterday with your exam paper if I had known the answer myself 2 If I___________________________(know) the computer better, I would apply for a part-time job in the computer call centre. 3 If I were sure what I really want, it______________ a career. 4 If he______ better result. 5 If I had more time, I. 6 If you_________________ (be) a problem for me to choose (be) more ambitious, he would try to sit the exam once more for a (enrol on) a Spanish course. (not / warn) me about change in the exam date, I would UNIT have missed it. Section 3 33 6 I Read the texts in Ex. 76, p. 67 in Student’s Book and fill in the table with the most useful recommendations to each type of students. Relaxed student Tense student Perfectionist student Some people say that they definitely prefer written exams. Others insist that only oral examination oan give a student an opportunity to demonstrate how smart and oreative he or she is. Both sides have their points. Speaking for myself I ___________________________________________________________ 1 Useful language 1 Personally I think that... not so nervous as... ; To my mind... plenty of time to... ® 1 From my experience I can say that... so frightened that... i .. .as difficult as... such a friendly atmosphere that... 34 UNIT I Section Section 4 I I jFill in the missing words. verb noun adjective challenge challenge promote promotional inspiration reward reward imaginative satisfy satisfaction stress competition / competitiveness competitive persist persistence 2 jMatch the words to get meaningful expressions. competitive task imaginative writer rewarding advantage challenging situation stressful speech inspirational job 3 I Fill in the gaps in the text with the correct forms of the words in CAPITAL LETTERS. E-learning is winning more and more . due to its obvious__________________ _______________(1) nowadays (2) advantages over in-class ____________________(3). The advantages are obvious: e-students can learn at their own pace, they don’t need to travel long distances to their classroom and can combine learning with a full-time job. However,_____________________(4) who want to enrol in some online courses need to be aware that e-learning differs from__________________(5) learning significantly. The. (6) of the courses and the absence of deadlines can work against the students. The thing is that some people find it quite difficult to make________________________(7) work regularly. They cannot be________________________(8) without a strict and ______________________(9) teacher beside them. In other words, one can’t work ______________________(10) unless he is able to plan the day, allocating enough SUPPORT COMPETE EDUCATE PERSON TRADITION FLEXIBLE THEY ATTENTION ENCOURAGE EFFECT time for his learning, and then stick to the plan. UNIT I Section 4 35 4 ia) Put the verbs in the appropriate forms. 1 I wish I______________________(have) a new guitar. 2 I wish I______________________(know) all the answers to the exam questions, but I don’t. 3 She’s always very lucky with her exams. I wish I_______________________(know) her secret. 4 If I__________ any exam task. 5 If she_____________ (have) your brains, I would cope with (tell) us about her worries, we would have invented something to help her. b) Write three wishes for the goldfish to fulfill. 5 J Complete the table. Use the words from the list (see Ex. 84, p. 70 in Student’s Book) and add some of your own. e-learning distance learning traditional learning 6 List the advantages and the disadvantages of the different models of learning. See Ex. 88, p. 71 in Student’s Book. Use the words from the list there and from Ex. 84, p. 70. e-learning distance learning face-to-face classes 36 UNIT I Section 4 7 Think of your plans and goals for the next ten years and write your ideas on the lifeline. See Ex. 90, p. 72 in Student’s Book. in five years now in a year in ten years Useful language get ready for exams choose a career aquire new learning techniques develop... skills get a job in... upgrade the qualifications enrol in.. 8 I Read an extract from John’s letter to a youth magazine. Write him an answer. • Explain what the concept of lifelong learning means. • Explain how a person can benefit from lifelong learning. • Explain how a person’s career can be affected if he stops learning. • Say if you personally feel positive or negative about the opportunity/necessity to learn for so long. I to that IVe oovor co.eidered loarnine on onjoyoblo proooos. Thoro .ro loodo of othor thioao m tho world I woold do rothor thoo do concept of lifolooa loomme oouodo a bit friahtooioa to mo. Do you roally . • that I’ll have to study all my life and there Is no way to escape it. Dear John, UNIT e Section 4 37 lading for a better new world? Section 1 1 I a) Draw lines to connect the words that normally go with technologies, and with devices. Note that some of them may suit both. mechanical aser information GlGCtronic modern technologies electrical computer b) Write down all the phrases you’ve got. devices advanced internet high technical multifunctional environmentally-safe 2 I a) Tick the phrases that a teenager of the 1960s would find difficult to understand. to mail a letter | | to SMS friends | | to download music I I to check the e-mail to log on a site to visit chat rooms to text messages to listen to music Г] to run websites I I to leave a message b) Choose one of them and explain what it means. Try to use “simple language”. 38 UNIT Section 3 I Listen to the interview (see Ex. 9, p. 80 in Student’s Book) and fill in the gaps. 1 ___________________________habits 6 ____________________________devices 2 ___________________________time 7 ____________________________navigation 3 ___________________________toys 8 ____________________________control 4 ___________________________devices 9 ____________________________devices 5 ___________________________phone 4 I Read teenagers’ conversation and put the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms to express future actions. A: Have you made plans for this summer yet? B: Yes, some. Just let me have a look at my planner. Well, in early June I _________________________(1) the Earth to take a short expedition to Mars. The exact date hasn’t been fixed yet, but I expect the spacecraft _________________________(2) at the very beginning of the month. A: What will you be doing there? B: The usual stuff. We______________ _______________________(3) with new samples of biological matter. We need to find out how it______________________(4) its features in the outer earth conditions. There’s a good chance that we________________________(5) to prove our theoretical hypotheses by experimental method. A: And when are you going to be back? B: If everything_____________________ (6) according to the plan, we ________________________(7) here at the end of July. And after that we ________________________(8) our grandma on the Moon. It’s a must. If we ________________________(9) our annual family reunion party. Granny will get furious. We have already reserved rooms in the hotel, actually. LEAVE LAUNCH EXPERIMENT CHANGE MANAGE GO BE VISIT MISS UNIT 3 Section I 39 А: And what is she doing there? Biological experiments too? B: No, she’s an aerospace engineer. They’ve got a spacecraft plant there. She’s crazy about her job, and says that she_____________________(10). But the family is her first priority anyway. And you? Where are you planning to go? A: Shame, but I_______________________(11) here. And I don’t think I ________________________(12) go anywhere before the middle of August. I failed my history exam and have to resubmit the exam paper. It means that I______________________(13) research into the ancient technologies of the twenty first century. Boring, but I promised my mum that I______________________(14) all my exam assignments by her birthday, which is on the 16th of August. 5 IComplete the table. See Exs. 16-17, p. 83 in Student’s Book. NEVER/QUIT STAY CAN HAVE TO DO The USA Russia the internet e-mail cell phone 6 la) Look at the diagram in Ex. 21, p. 84 and make up sentences describing the teenagers’ “ predictions. 22% of teenagers belive that..._________________________________________________________ b) Write three more predictions of your own. See Ex. 22, p. 84 in Student’s Book. I guess that... __________________________________________________________________ 40 UNIT Section Section 2 1 a) Put the words in the appropriate column. engineer, nuclear physicist, environmentalist, ornithologist, writer, interior designer, biologist, mathematician, architect, programmer, sculptor, old paintings restorer, film director, actor, cartoonist. People of arts People of science b) Write a short paragraph to prove that an architect and an old paintings restorer may refer both to people of science and art. 2 Match the words to make meaningful expressions. cutting-edge trial practical technical innovative trip solutions technologies reality problems 3 a) Match the words to make meaningful expressions. contain achieve a inspire ^ construct be ahead of run over run behind other researchers an innovative idea their time the goal the budget schedule buildings and bridges UNIT Section 2 41 b) Make up sentences with each of the expressions you’ve got. 4 j Fill in the verbs. Use them in the past perfect passive. inspire describe design achieve construct overrun | 1 When Mike was awarded the Young Innovator’s Certificate, he said that he for the research work by his science teacher. 2 According to the spectrogram, the bridge___________________________________________by the time when the modern technologies became available. 3 We had to confess that the research budget_________________________________________and asked for an additional investment. 4 Everyone was amazed that the ambitious goal____________________________________________in a very short time. 5 No wonder that the device got broken because of your carelessness — it for smarter people. 6 Due to news leaks the information was not really sensational by the time of the conference — Mr Jefferson’s breakthrough___________________________________________in several scientific journals. 5 I See Ex. 37, p. 89 in Student’s Book and complete the mind map. c r j ENGINEERING V C J c J ii UNIT Section 6 I Make up a list of professional and personal qualities needed for a good engineer. See Ex. 38, p. 90 ~ in Student’s Book. 7 i Complete the table. See Ex. 39, p. 90 in Student’s Book. Speaker 1 2 3 4 5 Statement - ■ ■■ ■ ■ ‘ 8 iListen to the interviews (see Ex. 41, p. 90 in Student’s Book) and write down the positive and negative aspects of choosing engineering as a career. Positive Negative It was very skilled job which I learned a lot from. It is seen as dull and unexciting. 9 I Look through the text “Thinking like a genius” and write down the words and phrases that combine with the word “problem”. See Ex. 47, p. 93 in Student’s Book. Use a dictionary to add more to it. to arrive at a solution to a problem to find a solution to a problem UNIT Section 2 43 10 j Complete the paragraph about what science area you consider the most crucial for the future of mankind. Sciences don’t perforin solo nowadays — usually they are \ncon'<^onated one Into another and their joint efforts produce amazing results. Anyway, I believe that _________________________ has a leading position and is crucial for the evolution of our society. I? f Useful language physics, quantum physics biology, microbiology yy cybernetics, robotics nanotechnologies reveal the mystery of... can be applied in medicine/industry/etc will enable people to... can improve people’s life significantly can help people live longer lives / fight deadly diseases / etc c Alii. 1 la) Fill in the activities in the appropriate column. If you feel that the activity can be both a science and an art, fill it in the both columns. Activity Science Arts construction engineering interior design landscape design molecular physics astronomy cookery management advertising 44 UNIT Sections ?, 3 ■Qarology pnfthrs ■ I i-jrplain why you put one of the activities in the both columns. Use the model below. Example: ' •’’У view, construction engineering about is both science and arts. It is a science rr:5-se people who design buildings need to select appropriate construction materials ■' -^ake complicated calculations to make sure that the building is safe. It’s also an as it’s important for the building to be nice to look at and comfortable to live in. T5 essential to develop the right design, choose the right colours and decor. Listen to the interview and fill in the gaps. Use no more than three words. See Ex. 54, p. 95 in Student’s Book. 1 Firstly, science is our way of observing the________________________ 2 I think personally that science combines the use of observation, intuition, theory, hypothesis, 3 I think that few other things in life have as wide of an application in a person’s ________________________________, or_________________________________________as does science. 4 ___________________________our society is depending increasingly upon technology, and the result of this dependence is that our environment is_________________________________________ 5 Knowing more about science will help us to become better informed about the kinds 3 J Write all the words from the box which can go with the following verbs. Add articles as necessary. I scientists evidence issue hypothesis solution facts details people Example: to challenge people/scientists 1 to investigate________________________________________________________________________________ 2 to provide____________________________________________________________________________________ 3 to search for UNIT Section 3 45 4 to reject__ 5 to report__ 6 to persuade 7 to check___ 8 to present 9 to contradict 4 ‘Fill in the appropriate verbs from Ex. 3. Change the form as necessary. The hypothesis you________________________is original and looks quite credible to me. However, it. the conventional view on the matter. To the research committee to allocate money for additional experiments you’ll have to ________________________further details of the research you’ve done. If your experiments give reliable results, we’ll team up leading scientists to_____________________the issue thoroughly. 5 jPut the words from Ex. 57, p. 96 in Student’s Book into the following categories. Add more to the categories. articles: ________________________________________________________________________________________ prepositions: ____________________________________________________________________________________ relative pronouns / question words:_______________________________________________________________ linking words: ___________________________________________________________________________________ auxiliary verbs: _________________________________________________________________________________ comparatives: ____________________________________________________________________________________ expressions of quantity: indefinite pronouns: ___ personal pronouns: _____ 6 i See Ex. 63, p. 97 in Student’s Book and fill in the table about the text given to you. Title of the text TcpicYAVhat happened Where it happened/ Who was involved How the mystery was revealed iitutcomes 46 UNIT . Section г 7 ia) Match the words to make up meaningful phrases. financial buff tax scandal history fraud bomb fake cheap hoax b) Fill in the gaps with the phrases you’ve got. 1 — Allan has never been interested in humanitarian disciplines, has he? — On the contrary, everyone in the collage believes he is a ________ — Do you know that John Kenneth was arrested? Some people say that he deliberately concealed his income. — It’s awful, isn’t it? This means that he was accused of a___________________________ — I wanted to shop in the central supermarket, but the area was full of policemen and nobody was allowed in. Do you know what it was? — Yes, it was on TV today. There was a__________________________________ - They had received several telephone calls and were checking the area for explosives. It was a false alarm. I hope they find the hooligans responsible for that. — Look! It’s a genuine Rolex! I thought it was more expensive. — Don’t be silly. A genuine watch in an outlet shop! It’s a_________________________________ 5 — The newspapers say that the Mayor has stepped down and we are going to have a new one. What could the reason for that be? — Don’t you know? There have been rumors about a__________________________________________ he was involved in. He persuaded a local bank to invest money in some shady project. 8 I Use the verbs in CAPITAL LETTER in the appropriate forms. Eric: What are you reading? Maggie: I’ve found it in my grandma’s attic — an ancient scientific journal. Look, it contains lots of old science fiction stuff. It also has some articles where sophisticated scientific issues__________________(1) in simple language so that anyone, even my great-grandma, ______________________(2) to understand them. Eric: Look, there’s an article about a solar eclipse. Some photos ______________________(3) here too. It’s a shame that they are only black and white. Maggie: All photos of those times__________________ Eric: And what’s that? Maggie: It’s one of the first computers. Looks weird,. Eric: It’s huge and doesn’t look like a PC at all. It. me an old transformer vault. (4) black and white. (5) it? — (6) EXPLAIN BE ABLE PUBLISH BE NOT/DO REMIND UNIT 3 Section 3 47 Maggie: I can’t imagine how it Eric (7) — it has neither a OPERATE keyboard nor a monitor. The article reveals some interesting facts about the history of computing from 1939. Good progress_________________________(8) since that time! Maggie: Yes, technology_________________________(9) rapidly nowadays. Scientists expect an impressive breakthrough that can probably change our life and our understanding of the Universe. Some people think that extraterrestrial life___________________(10) quite soon. Eric: My uncle has got an electronic archive of articles about extraterrestrials that_______________________(11) since 1960. We can have a look if you want. Yeah, I_________________________(12) curious about all that extrater- restrial stuff The problem is that the evidence provided by media is never convincing enough. You know there are lots of other reasons that can explain photos, images and strange phenomena. Let alone the fact that a lot of all those facts are man-made fakes. But anyway, if your uncle _________________________(13) it, could I have a copy of his archive on my flash disk? 9 I Follow the arrows and choose the main line for the plot of a film. Write down the plot. Remember that when writing a plot present simple is usually used. Extra pages are provided at the end of the Workbook. MAKE ACCELLERATE FIND PUBLISH ALWAYS/BE NOT/MIND 48 UNIT 3 Section 3 А SCIENCE FICTION FILM an extraterrestrial comes to the Earth / extraterrestrials come to the Earth the reason for coming to conquer the Earth ecological collapse (a large meteorite, global warming consequences, deadly disease) Йй global invasion war of another extraterrestrial civilisation Ш people accept the help gratefully joint efforts save the civilisation on the Earth to make the Earth a colony mistaken destination (was lost in the Universe) the alien unwillingly frightens people the alien is in danger because people want to eliminate it ----------V" people don't understand the aliens' good intentions and fight against them to use the Earth as an experimental site a local helps the alien escape the dangers -----Ж people of the Earth led by a hero/heroes fight against the alien sets off for Its galaxy 4 the aliens do people win and the alien the alien something that proves the civilisation dies for decides to people that they are on the Earth is some reason stay with friends saved people UNIT Section 3 49 1 I Fill in the words from the box. 1 Andrew knows a lot about computers and is very good l ____ at designing programs but he gets furious when we call him a computer fraud fake buff hoax 2 The police received several telephone calls about a terrorist attack, but to everybody’s relief it turned out to be a____________________. 3 Edward was frustrated when he found out that the vase he had paid a fortune for was not a genuine antique but a cleverly made________________________ 4 Some customers don’t think that buying goods via the internet is safe. They want to be better protected against computer______________________. 2 IFill in the table. See Exs. 69-70, p. 100 in Student’s Book. Speaker General attitude to cloning Reasons and arguments 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 iPut the phrases in Ex. 71, p. 100 in Student’s Book in three groups. ■S Positive attitude Neutral attitude Negative attitude ! i 4 j Match the words to make up meaningful phrases. Make up your own sentences with three of them. technological alternative identical medicine research breakthrough medical developing marine 50 UNIT Section 4 5 i Put the sentences in passive. See the example. Example: We can’t see the star without a telescope. The star cannot be seen without a telescope. 1 I can’t cook the dish without pepper and salt. 2 We can’t test the computer without special equipment. 3 I can’t write an essay in ten minutes. r 4 No one can cure this disease without an effective remedy. 5 We can’t accept your plan without Tony’s approval. CLONE NOT/CREATE 6 I Put the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms. Anna: I don’t really believe that cloning is possible. Bertie: But there’s strong evidence that it’s true. Everyone knows about Dolly, the sheep that______________________(1) by British scientists. A: I think it was a fraud. They_______________________(2) Dolly from an adult cell, but from an embryo. B: What do you mean? A: Well, you know that there are natural identical twins. They might have taken one of the twin embryos to freeze it. Then they ______________________(3) until the other embryo developed, was born naturally and_______________________(4) into an adult animal. B: And then? A: Then they got the early embryo out of the freezer and put it in an infant incubator. Dolly was born much later than her twin sister, because she ______________________(5) in a freezer for years. And they ______________________(6) that it was a clone, which it wasn’t. B: Don’t be stupid! That fact of cloning______________________(7) by scientists all over the world. And there____________________(8) lots of other similar experiments since that time. WAIT GROW KEEP CLAIM ACCEPT BE UNIT Section 4 51 А: OK, if you don’t want to listen to my reasons — it’s your right. I______________________(9) very skeptical about cutting-edge discoveries like cloning, artificial intellect, UFOs, perpetual mobile and others. Seeking fame and recognition, scientists claim that they ______________________(10) something extraordinary, but in most cases the breathtaking discoveries turn out to be frauds. B: I’ve never seen such a skeptical person as you are! If all people were like you, science_______________________(11) centuries ago and nothing at all ----------------------(12)1 ALWAYS/BE FIND OUT DIE CREATE 7 Tick the statements you agree with. Choose one of the statements you’ve ticked and write a short paragraph to explain why you think so. ] Scientists should be very careful when experimenting with genes. I I Gene engineering is crucial for the further development of our civilisation. Q] Perpetual mobile will be created one day. Qj Scientists should focus on cloning human organs but not on cloning people. People can benefit a lot from cloning technologies. I agree with the idea that _________________________________________________ 52 UNIT Section 4 1 I Fill in the table. See Ex. 82, p. 104 in Student’s Book. Arguments for GM 1 Arguments against GM ...they are not naturally produced. 2 I Make up health-related expressions. See Ex. 83, p. 104 in Student’s Book. V_ j 4_ HEALTH ( damage your 3 I Write the words in the appropriate columns. nurse, cure, cough, provide treatment, give injections, operate on, general practitioner, surgeon, transplant organs, dentist, sneeze, lose weight, cardiologist, receive injections, paramedic, take pills, be operated on, take somebody’s blood pressure jobs in medical care things patients do things doctors do 1 4 I Fill in the chart for a class survey. See Ex. 85, p. 105 in Student’s Book. Your questions ^ People’s answers UNIT Section 5 53 5 la) Match the words to make medicine related phrases. Use four of them to complete the sentences below (change the form as necessary). regain treatment receive diseases gargle symptoms check strength cure the throat lessen the pulse b) 1 Doctors say that tea with lemon and a good sleep is the best way to ________________________________after a long hard day. 2 The paramedic____________________________It was very weak. 3 Painkillers usually_________________________, but don’t________ 6 if Fill in the missing words. See Ex. 88, p. 106 in Student’s Book if there is any difficulty. noun adjective virus viral nutrition liquid sore feverish effect 7 I Collect the phrases from the text (see Ex. 89, p. 106 in Student’s Book) and write them down according to the following categories. Symptoms Remedy Effect sneezing hot chicken soup lessens cold symptoms coughing 8 jFill in the verbs to denote people’s intentions. You may use each verb only once 1 Jim: Don’t forget about my birthday party this Saturday. Anna: I will certainly come. Jim_____________________________Anna about his birthday party. She_____ . to come. expected offered invited refused apologised reminded asked agreed hesitated advised promised thanked 54 UNIT Section 5 2 Andrea: Will you do me a favour? Could you lend me your laptop for this weekend? Tom: No problem. I can give it to you till Monday. Andrea________________________Tom to lend her his laptop. He-------------------- to give it to her till Monday. 3 Jerry: Would you like to go out with me Friday night? Tina: Umm, I’m not sure. I may be busy on Friday. But, I think, yes, I would. Jerry_________________________Tina to go out. She_______________________for a moment and then accepted the invitation. 4 Emma: Can I make you some coffee? Elsa: No, thank you. I don’t normally have coffee so late. Emma__________________________to make coffee but Elsa________________________to have it so late at night. 5 Mary: It’s seven o’clock already. I thought you’d be here by six. John: Oh, sorry. I’m too late I know. Mary____________________________John to come at six. He_____________ late. for being 6 Sophie: Don’t worry so much. I think you should contact Max. He’ll fix everything. Andy: Thank you for your advice, darling. You are very supportive. Sophie________________________Andy to contact Max. Andy___________________________her for her support. 9 ! See what Mike’s grandfather said about himself when he was interviewed by journalists fifteen years ago. Write the information about him in reported speech. / II have perfect health I: Л 2 I’ve never broken either an arm or a lee. 3 The secret to my long and healthy life is eating vegetables and drinking green tea. 6 Eve always dreamt about working as a professional dog trainer. 4 I’ve never exercised too much and I hate jogging. ---------------- Ч., 5 But I enjoy walking my dog very much. UNIT Section 5 55 101 Read the e-mail you’ve got from your friend and answer it. VI»» pisert Farmat lools AcBcms Help Hi! ^ I'm so sorry, but I won't be able to come and help you fix your printer ©. I feel a disaster today - all my bones are aching, my eyes are watery and are aching too, and I have a fever. What could have happened, I wonder - I was perfectly fit yesterday. We walked till late with the guys from our school and when I came home, I felt perfect. What worries me most is our maths test on Friday. I'll have to be there, otherwise my grades will be low ©. Any ideas on what can make me a new person again? Sorry again, Laura He Edit Insert Format Tools Actions To,,,'" j [email protected] ~ ^ ~~ iiSend Hi, Laura, Don't worry about my printer — I'll manage somehow. As for your symptoms, I think it's flu and you should start treatment immediately to avoid possible complications. The first thing I can advise is__________________________________________________________________________ 1 I Put the words and phrases in two columns. noise pollution, air pollution, reduce carbon emission, develop eco-tourism, lead to deforestation, use chemicals, reduce consumption, destroy the eco-system, use less packaging, fumes from the traffic, wind energy technologies, upset the eco-balance, protect species from extinction, solar energy devices 56 UNIT Sections Words and phrases we are likely to use when we talk about environmental problems Words and phrases we are likely to use when we talk about protecting environment 2 I Write 4-5 sentences about the impact people have on the environment in the place where you live. See Ex. 107, p. 110 in Student’s Book. Example: Heavy traffic pollutes the environment. 3 I Read the explanation of the meaning of the phrase and explain the other two phrases yourself. To he environmentally conscious means to think about the environment and take efforts to keep it for further 4 1 Unjumble the letters to make words for natural and man-made disasters. I iiiii'iir* toudrgh ________________ 1 a long period of dry weather when there is not enough water for plants to grow, for animals and people to live quaearketh foretiondesta dlofo. mainfe 2 a sudden breaking of the earth’s crust which can he caused hy volcanic activity or other reasons; can he very dangerous and destructive 3 disappearance of the trees in a large area due to cutting, burning out or other reasons 4 a large amount of water that covers an area that is usually dry 5 a relatively long time when people or animals have little or no food and can die because of that 6 a violent storm with winds whirling around a small area, usually depicted as a dark funnelshaped cloud 5 I Write what harm people can do to the environment when engaged in the following activities. Example: grow crops/use pesticides When people grow crops, they may use pesticides. Pesticides are poisons to kill insects that destroy crops. But pesticides are harmful not only for insects. When they get in the soil they can kill animals living there. When it rains, pesticides can be traneported to rivers and contaminate them. Using pesticides can cause soil and water pollution. nadotor building roads travelling by air 58 UNIT Section 5 producing goods for eyer^day consumption Useful language to emit carbon dioxide traffic fumes to damage the ozone layer to pollute the countryside to have an impact on something to consume energy to use fossil fuel Section 7 1 I Write an appropriate word from the box for each definition. ! to log off/out i search engine I ‘ domain name ’ I hardware | j software j I web browser j I to log on/in I to do the necessary actions on a computer system that will allow you to begin using it to stop using a computer system by giving it particular instructions the physical equipment used in a computer system, such as the central processing unit, peripheral devices, and memory the programs that can be used with a particular computer system a unique name, corresponding to one or more numeric IP addresses, used to identify a particular web page or set of web pages on the internet a service provided on the internet enabling users to search for items of interest (e.g. AltaVista, Google, Rambler, Yahoo!) a computer program that finds information on the internet and shows it on your computer screen (e.g. Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer) UNIT Sections 6, 7 59 2 JUse the words from the box and label the items in the picture. I computer CD-ROM drive printer scanner web camera USB port monitor I keyboard screen mouse speaker 3 I Put the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms. E: Hello! Can I speak to Jonathan, please? J: Speaking. E: Hi, it’s Emma. Busy? J: A bit. I’m explaining to my grandma how to write e-mails. She__________________(1) a computer a couple of days ago and asked me to help her understand how it operates. We ______________________________________(2) the software and at the moment my grandma________________________(3) the internet. E: Wow! How’s she feeling about it? J: Absolutely delighted! She’s amazed how much information the internet has to offer. E: __________________________(4) a user’s name for her mailbox? J: Not yet. We need to choose the search engine first. I never _______________(5) that my grandma is so choosy about this stuff — she wants to know the advantages of all existing search engines and wants to compare them! She calls it an informed choice. E: I won’t be surprised if your grandma _________________________(6) a very advanced user very soon. BUY JUST/INSTALL BROWSE SHE/CHOOSE THINK BECOME 60 UNIT 3 Section 7 :! J ■1 i J: Neither will I! She’s learning surprisingly quickly. Actually, her main problem is that she cannot type fast. She __________________________(7) any practice in typing. But I’m sure she____________________________(8) her typing skills soon. E: Slow typing is absolutely normal for starters. And why does she want to get computer skills? She doesn’t need it for her work, does she? J: No, she____________________________(9) a year ago. And that’s why now she has more time than she used to. So, she wants to give it to self-development and communication. She travels a lot now and e-mailing helps her keep in touch with people she meets. She says that communication is a very valuable thing. And she ________________________________________(10) an online language course. E: Good luck to you both! I’d like to meet your grandma one day. }: Any time. But wait till we_____________________________________(11) with her e-mail. She hates___________________________(12). NEVER/HAVE IMPROVE RETIRE CONSIDER / ALSO SORT OUT/EVERYTHIN DISTRACT 4 ICollect and write down examples of some internet language. See Ex. 123, p. 117 in Student’s Book. UNIT Section 7 61 5 IFill in the gaps with the phrases computer + a word from the box. There are several words in the hox you don’t need to use. I skills microbe virus program programmer crime punishment dating \ 1 marriage game addiction flu i when he / she can use 1 We say that a person has excellent_______________________ a computer for their work or studies effectively. 2 A_______________________________is a program that can enter the computer and damage or eliminate the information there. 3 A. _________________________is a person who creates special programs that enable users to make electronic documents or play computer games. 4 Playing_____________________________is a common pastime for present day teenagers. 5 Cracking other people’s computers and stealing information is called a_____________________ and is prosecuted by law. 6 Doctors say that______________________________has become another dangerous disorder that threatens people’s health along with alcohol and drugs. 7 _____________________________can help shy and unsociable people start relationships and even make families. 6 I Support one of the points of view and write a paragraph to explain why you think so. Computer skills are absolutely essential for people who want to gain success and have a sustainable career The importance of computer literacy for job and career is very much exaggerated. 62 .. -i . k Section 7 тЖёМ Where are you from ? 1 I Fill in the table below. See Ex. 4, p. 125 in Student’s Book. City 1 Country Advantages 1 i ! 1 ( i Disadvantages 2 1 Match the words and phrases with the opposite meaning. local unreasonable reasonable global complexity industrial decent simplicity agricultural danger ample indecent safety insufficient UNIT i Section I 63 3 I Cross the odd word out. • inhabitant, city-dweller, villager, local, white-collar worker, resident, settler • megalopolis, settlement, city, location, town, village 4 I Circle the correct word. 1 Do you enjoy to shop/shopping for new clothes? 2 You promised to help/helping me with the essay, but you didn’t come. 3 We decided to buy/ buying tickets for the show in advance. 4 Would you like to have/having something to eat? 5 I don’t want to talk/ talking about it now. 6 Some people hate to cook/cooking, but I like it. 7 Is it allowed to use/using cell phones here? 8 I would never recommend to use/using this site. The information is not very reliable there. 5 jRead the following opinions and write counter opinions. Living in the country is very boring. You don’t have enough people to communicate with. Living in a big city is very stressful. All people who live there are nervous and rude. If people live in the country side, they are severed from the political life of the country and don’t know what’s going on there. If people live in cities they are severed from nature and don’t care about environmental issues. 64 UNIT lil Section I i Living in the country makes people unsociable and reserved. They don’t want to know what’s happening outside their little community. Living in big cities makes people neglect each other. They don’t care about other people’s well-being and never help anyone. Useful language I don’t think so. Personally, I cannot agree with this opinion. I disagree with this opinion. My experience says that... I cannot agree with that. From my point of view... Some people say that..., but I don’t think that we can put it like that. It’s not fair to say that... Nothing of the kind! 6 !Put the words in the appropriate columns, to be delighted with hostile people feel homesick friendliness overcrowded historical sites decent life experience loneliness relaxing atmosphere breathtaking architecture polluted environment stressful life rush hour education facilities convenient transportation Words and phrases which are likely to he used to describe our positive impression of a place oar negative impression of a place UNIT ^ Section 1 65 7 j Complete the essay. If I had to choose where to live — in a city or in the countryside, it would be a very difficult choice for me. Both alternatives have many advantages as well as disadvantages. As indisputable advantages of the city ___________________________________________ In most cases the countryside cannot offer the same, but it can The worst thing about living in the city is In the country I would hate The most reasonable thing, in my opinion, is to create a new type of settlement which could combine the main benefits of both, i.e. _______________________________ and would rid of the drawbacks of the both. 66 UNIT 4 Section 1 Section 2 1 la) Put the hobbies in two columns. Add several hobbies on your own. . painting, stamp collecting, knitting, snorkeling, surfing, badminton, fishing, cooking, clothes / accessories designing, photography, assembling miniature aircraft / ship / submarine models, collecting butterflies, paintball, kart driving sporty hobbies non-sporty hobbies b) Explain your reasons when categorising such hobbies as fishing, photography and kart driving. 2 Put the equipment in the correct column. flippers, patterns from fashion journals, skateboard, knee pads, camera, needles, lenses, wet suit, wool, mask, photo printer, snorkel, helmet, photographic paper knitting snorkeling skateboarding ^ photography ! 3 a) Write what hobbies could be good for people who want to spend more time in natural surroundings: ____________________ spend more time with their family: __________________________ UNIT 4 Section 67 relax after a hard and stressful day: ______________________ find out more about the cultural diversity of the world: keep fit: _________________________ learn more about the local wildlife: fight depression: _________________ b) Explain one of your suggestions. I believe that_______________________ can do a lot of good to people who 4 I Put the verbs in CAPITAL LETTERS in the appropriate forms. \ , SSi.xjl t . ... ? \ Life story He was born in a little town in a family that could hardly. a sporty one. The parents and four kids________________ was probably one of the reasons that____________ (1) ______________(2) in a tiny flat and that ___________(3) Yuri choose his hobby. While most of his classmates were watching TV^ practising music or making model aircraft, the kid_________________________________(4) a ball in the yard whatever the weather___________________(5) like. Once a professional coach, who___________________________________(6) at the town for a qualifying round, spotted him when he______________________________(7) in an amateur football game. He found the boy promising and Yuri ________________________________(8) to join a junior club in Moscow. In fact, he was a bit too old for professional sport, as most of his teammates___________________(9) since the age of five or six, and not many people believed that he_____________(10) any profound success. But he did. In several years Yuri of the most (11) one CALL LIVE MAKE KICK BE ARRIVE PLAY INVITE TRAIN GAIN BECOME 68 UNIT 4 Section 2 popular professional footballers. “I______________________________(12) a person NEVER/SEE so dedicated to football, a person who could get over pain and fatigue and who ________________________(13) to cover the distance from a yard football player to MANAGE one of the best professional footballers in Europe so quickly,” says one of his fans, and the others definitely share the opinion. 5 (Read a note on a school “Need-your help-board” and write your response. Explain to Laura the reasons for recommending that very hobby. a* Hi! I ^ue&0 I need your advice. I’ve ju&t found that moot of my mateo have got different hobbieo. Talking about them helpo them socialize and gain popularity. 1 dent have a hobby and feel disadvantaged. What hobby (non-sporty or moderately sporty) would you recommend for a seventeen-year-old? Thanks, Laura 'S. 6 I Make lists of similarities and differences between English and Russian pastimes. See Ex. 31, p. 134. Similarities Differences UNIT ^ Section 2 S9 7 iPut the phrases with time in three groups. See Ex. 35, p. 135 in Student’s Book. iduek measurement period occasion / moment 8 i Write the answers to the questions in Ex. 36, p. 135 in Student’s Book. 9 1 Fill in the words. Change the form of the words as necessary. i encourage care occupy sprawl recognise affect prefer award I priority interaction excuse essential Hobby or obsession? My elder brother is a diver. When he took up diving, I felt happy for him because he’d never___________________(1) for anything but watching TV. He used to__________________(2) on the sofa in front of the TV set and spend hours, days and weeks there. It deprived him of 70 UNIT 4 Section 2 the real world and his communication skills were getting___________________(3). He definitely ___________________(4) communicating via texting to any face-to-face__________________(5). When people came to our house, he always managed to find an___________________(6) to escape conversations. His new hobby — diving — meant physical activity and meeting new people and that’s why we did everything to___________________(7) him. All (8) equipment was bought, a diving certificate was granted and my brother left for Voronezh on his first diving expedition. There have been lots of other expeditions since then, he has dived in any waters inside the country and abroad and has been-----------------------(9) different titles and certificates,_________________(10) in the world of “sea wolves”. Everything seems to be splendid but this hobby______________________(11) his whole life and doesn’t leave any room for anything else. He is sincere in setting diving as the first------------------(12) and doesn’t care for anything else, myself included. Is this normal? 101 Listen to two people talking about having fun and complete the sentences. See Ex. 40, p. 135 in Student’s Book. The first speaker believes that __________________________________________________________________ The second speaker is sure that 11 IListen to the recording and make a list of the speakers’ arguments for and against having fun. See Ex. 41, p. 135 in Student’s Book. For having fun Against having fun UNIT i Section 2 71 12 I Read the advertisement and write a letter to find out more about the circled phrases. A NEW DANCING SCHOOL! ^,-------------- ★ classes(fwice a weelc'f what days and what time? ★C small groups ★ professional teacher ★ very^good prices how many people? how much per month? If you join us before the end of this month, you'll get the(essential equipmenf^for the classes for free!_______ what exactly? Contact Emmy e-mail [email protected] 1 jPut the adjectives from Ex. 51, p. 138 on the line from the most desired to the least desired qualities you want in a friend. best friend undesired friend 2 I Match the opposites. 72 timid out of favour ambitious indifferent to success trustworthy extraverted popular dishonest smart unreliable decent stupid UNIT 4 Sections 2, 3 3 I Read the conversation and choose the correct options to fill in the gaps. Fiona: 1 don’t think that friendship really exists. People just invented a nice word to conceal their real selfish______________________(1). Mark: Fiona: Mark: Fiona: Oh-oh! You sound very . been_________________ (2) for your age. Have already (3)? Mark: Fiona: Mark: Fiona: Yeah... And not once. Do you mean that you’ve never had a real friend? 1 thought 1 had. First time it happened in the kindergarten. Vicky-----------------(4) me her cute Teddy Bear, which 1 had always wanted to have, and said that she wanted to be my friend. 1 was on cloud nine and wondered what made smart and popular Vicky turn her eyes to a_______________________(5) girl like me. And...? The next day she demanded it back. She didn’t even____________________(6) to let me know about her reasons, just muttered that she needed it___________________(7). And later, what do you think 1 saw? 1 saw Max, a curly-haired newcomer, playing with the toy. Did Vicky explain how Max had_______________________(8) it? Yes, she said that she was fascinated by a new gorgeous looking boy the very moment they locked eyes and just wanted to express her____________________(9) for him! 1 thought that 1 would rather die than trust__________________(10) again. Mark: Oh, Lord! A typical “two women-and-one man”__________________________(11)! 1 hope you didn’t keep the promise. Fiona: 1 didn’t. And what? The story keeps repeating itself with slight variations. Mark: Well, 1 think you really need a friend to help you correct your___________________(12) and behaviour. And 1 can_____________________(13) this job. How about one more try to get a friend? 1 a) ideas 2 a) humble 3 a) disappointed 4 a) suggested 5 a) creative b) intentions b) optimistic b) intrigued b) offered b) ambitious c) biases c) pessimistic c) outraged c) gave away c) fun-loving d) priorities d) mindless d) appreciated d) gave up d) timid UNIT <1 Section 3 73 6 a) comment b) gossip c) worry d) bother 7 a) herself b) itself c) oneself d) themselves 8 a) estimated b) got c) appreciated d) preferred 9 a) respect b) opinion c) affection d) access 10 a) no one b) someone c) somebody d) anyone 11 a) bias b) history c) play d) scenario 12 a) attitude b) intention c) pastime d) awareness 13 a) take up b) speak up c) put up d) give up 4 ^ Write answers to the questions. Do you believe that social networking systems can help people meet real friends? Can you give any examples? Is a virtual friendship the same as a real one? Do they have anything in common and what makes them different? Have you/your acquaintances got any experience in being a member of a social networking system? What kind and for how long? What are the benefits and drawbacks of virtual networking? Useful language Personally I think that... It’s quite a different thing. On top of that Evidently... Apparently... to have eye contact, be severed from band together 74 UNIT 4 Section 3 5 * Follow the arrows and choose the main line for a “love-and-friendship” story. Think of a development for the story. Write a narration from the part of Laura / Allan / Sandra. ' Love-and-friendship story Laura and Sandra are good friends. Allan is Sandras classmate. Laura and Allan lock eyes at Sandra’s birthday party. They instantly fall in love. UNIT i- Section 3 75 1 Fill in the missing words. Country / Continent People living there Australians Asia Europeans Belgians China Cypriots Egypt Italy Greeks Hungarians Japan Malta Maltese New Zealand 2 J Write the ideas from Ex. 80, p. 146 in Student’s Book in two columns. Add your own ideas. Then listen to the recording and check your guesses. The Western way of thinking The Eastern way of thinking 3 I Lifestyles differ from country to country and from family to family. Put a plus (+) if the feature appeals to you, and a minus (-) if it doesn’t. I I tough competition individualistic style of life maintaining traditions [_] necessity to keep up with competitors strong family ties I I talking over cappuccino I I fast pace of changing trends [ ^ caring for people’s health eating fast food 76 UNIT 4 Section 4 4 } Match the sentences that show the contrast in lifestyles in America and in Italy. ' Circle the contrast words. 1 Generally Americans work from 8 to 10 hours a day. 2 Lots of Americans commute to work every week day. 3 Due to their intense lifestyle Americans have ; got used to fast food, which actually saves i time, and find it quite good. i 4 Most Americans don’t spend much time with : their families. They often claim that they I can’t find time for that as their schedule is I very busy. I 5 When an American family gets together 1 in the evening, they often prefer watching i television to talking or going out. A Italians, however, would never agree with that. They are extremely proud of their national cuisine and believe that a delicious dinner with family or friends is one of the best things in the world. В Unlike them, Italians definitely prefer being outdoors to staying indoors. One can often see large Italian families, their friends and neighbours gossiping or discussing various family matters over cappuccino or espresso in cafes, bars or terraces. C In contrast, Italians are not used to long working hours and usually enjoy long breaks for lunch. D Italians would rather quit a well-paid job than put up with traffic jams and long journeys to the office and back. Italians on the contrary enjoy quality time with their kids as well as their elderly parents. They believe that when there’s a wish, there’s always a way. 5 1 Compare the lifestyle of an average person in a big city with the lifestyle in a little countryside place. Compare the following. • working habits (hours and intensity of work) • eating habits • hobbies and pastimes UNIT 4 Section 4 77 1 Words of contrast and similarity similarly likewise in contrast... also too but however unlike just like/the same as/equally differs from both... and... on the other hand 6 Jin the text in Ex. 84, p. 147 in Student’s Book find and write down the expressions the author used to introduce and explain his ideas, and to draw our attention to certain things. See Ex. 87, p. 148 in Student’s Book. 7 I Complete the sentences about yourself. 1 What I find frightening about exams is that 2 What I find exciting about my life is that 3 What I find most fascinating about travelling is that 4 My relatives were talking about what I should wear for my farewell school party. I found it ironic that ____________________________________________________________________________ 5 When I was considering my future career, I found it encouraging that 78 UNIT Section 4 f, Project IISHI m Nanotechnology is one of the buzzwords today. One can encounter it in materials related to a wide range of topics. Can it really affect our life so much? Let’s look into the issue. 1 I Brainstorming a) Brainstorm for the words or phrases you associate with nanotechnology. h) Circle the correct option Nanometre is • a billionth part of a metre • a millionth part of a metre • a ten thousandth part of a metre 2 ( Write down your explanation of what nanotechnology is and compare your vision with your partner’s. Nanotechnology______________________________________________________________________ 3 I Write a list of questions you would like mankind to find answers to. It doesn’t matter if it looks realistic or not. Example: How to cure cancer? Project 79 4 1а) What research areas do you think scientists should focus on? Complete the list with your own ideas and rearrange them according to their importance. Start with the first priority. n Mars exploration and launching an expedition there СИ Measures to lessen the impact of global warming СИ Alternative clean energy resources СИ Magnetism and magnetic fields of the Earth СИ Secrets of the ocean Secrets of ancient civilisations Extraterrestrial life search СИ Factors that can prolong human life СИ Completing the experiment with the Large Hadron Collider □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ b) Write a short paragraph to explain your choice of the most important area. 5 I Write what ambitious goals you think scientists will manage to achieve within 10 years from today ■■" ' ' 1 within 50 years from today 1 within 100 years from today 1 1 I _ .. ....... . . . ..]... . .. ^ 80 Project Society is developing unbelievably fast now, changing our life every single second. Scientists come up with more and more ambitious projects, employ more and more advanced technologies. Nanotechnology is believed to be one of the most effective tools that will enable sciences to accelerate dramatically. However, nanotechnology is not a magic instrument. To avoid illusions let's find out in what areas it's really applicable. Read and study the instructions on how to do the project “Nanotechnology and how we can benefit from it”. Guidelines for the project: Split into three groups according to the area you are going to research — if nanotechnology can boost medical science — if nanotechnology can boost the informational technology — if nanotechnology is applicable in humanities • Step 1: Discuss the pre-text questions before reading the text. Read the text and see if your answers were close to the information in the text or not. Then choose the most appropriate conclusion after the text. • Step 2: Give some other examples of how nanotechnology can be used in your study area. • Step 3: Make some research to find out if people around you are aware of nanotechnology potential and to what extent. Use the form to do a survey and find out people’s opinions. Write a report on the results of your research. • Step 4: Confirm / Reject the hypothesis. Make up a presentation “Nanotechnology: how we can benefit from it”. Use any other additional material (the internet, journals) if possible. PROJECT ‘Nanotechnology and how we can benefit from it” Hypothesis 1: Nanotechnology can help people live longer and healthier lives. Hypothesis 2: Nanotechnology can provide easy access to information and optimise processing it. Hypothesis 3: Nanotechnology has a wide application potential in humanities. Project 81 Group 1 Step 1 } Discuss the following questions before reading the text. Agree on the answers. Then read the text to find out if the information there agrees with your opinion or not. 1 Do you think that the cosmetic industry has already made use of nanotechnology? How? 2 What are smart drugs? 3 How can nanotechnology be applied in medicine? Nanotechnology has become a buzzword in advertising when it refers to cosmetics and skincare products. According to cosmetic consultants, nano can work wonders. Customers, however, are not easy believers. “I’m a loyal customer and I’ve been using loads of skin care products, but I think it’s all just a bluff. Nanotechnology is just a con' to attract and to fool customers into buying overpriced products. I personally cannot understand what nanos can do in a moisture lotion or a hand care cream,” says Valery Britton. Another customer Jenny Tannyson sounds rather skeptical too: “Most people are not very well aware of what nanotechnology means, but the word itself sounds impressive. Sales managers can sell more if they convince customers that cutting-edge technologies are applied to produce the product.” Meanwhile, experts say that managers do have a point there — finely dispersed nanoemulsions, which consist of very small, nano-size droplets, are more effective because tiny droplets are very efficient in delivering vitamins. They are able to get deep into the skin and stimulate cells regeneration. Scientists, however, are much more excited with the potential of applying nanotechnology in medicine which can save lives and significantly improve quality of life for many patients. Like in cosmetics, nanotechnology has been successfully used for delivering drugs. Nanocrystalline drugs and polymeric capsules for drug delivery have already been clinically tested and are implemented in medical practice. Nanodrugs therapy implies lower risks and considerably fewer cases of side effects, because the smart drugs find their target quickly and treat it delicately without affecting other organs. Due to nano dimensions, nanotechnology works from the molecular level, and as researchers think it can be applied for diagnosing, preventing and treating diseases using molecular tools. Ambitious scientists set more and more challenging goals. They are talking about creating artificial tissues and organs, constructing nano-bio-robots, which could work inside the body like a DNA-based manipulator, and creating bio-engineered viruses and bacteria to fight viruses and bacteria that cause diseases. Some scientists come up with the idea of creating a bio-compatible nanocomputer that could control all the processes in the body and will enable doctors to discover the slightest abnormality. ' con (short for confidence trick) злоупотребление доверием обман, 82 Project There are grounds to believe that within several decades we’ll witness breathtaking discoveries that will change medical science dramatically. People will learn to cope with a wide range of health problems and will be able to fight the most deadly diseases. The good news is that according to the optimistic forecast, nanomedicine could lead to breakthroughs in detecting, diagnosing, and treating various forms of cancer in the near future. ВI Read the text once again and choose between the two conclusions. a) Nanotechnology can significantly improve the current health care system and promises to create a much healthier society in the future. b) The potential of nanotechnologies in medicine is exaggerated. Researchers should focus on the cosmetics industry to get visible results. Step 2 Think of how else nanotechnology could be used in medicine. What ultimate medical goal can you set for researchers? Step 3 Find out people’s opinion about the potential of nanotechnology in medicine. Conduct a survey using the questionnaire below. Take the following steps: 1 Ask 6-10 people of any age to fill in the questionnaire form. 2 Analyse the responses. 3 Write a report on the results (see the layout below). Use statistics to support your statements. Questions 1 Have you heard about nanotechnology? Answers I I Yes I No Dr m not sure Project 83 Questions 2 Can you define what it means? Answers I I Yes, it’s 3 Do you think that nanotechnology can be applied in real life? 4 What areas can nanotechnology be applied in? 5 What medical nanodevices will be used in doctors’ practice in the future? 6 When do you think people will really start benefitting from nanomedicine? □ No____________________________________ I 11 understand the word but I can’t explain it. I I Yes EH No EH I don’t know medicine construction / designing theoretical physics researches communications / information technologies space exploration agriculture □ e:i □ □ I I □ □ □ □ EH diagnosing devices EH damaged molecules reconstructers EH nanocapsules delivering drugs to targeted spots EH nanocomputer travelling inside the body and monitoring the whole system EH permanently working in the body nano-agents which repair and dean cells □ _________________________________________________ □ _________________________________________________ EH in 5 years EH in 10 years EH in 50 years □______________ 7 Do you think the government should encourage research in nanotechnology and invest more money in it? □ Yes, as nanotechnology can ultimately change people’s life in a very positive way. □ No, as it’s not a top, priority today. There are more important areas to invest in. □ _____________________________________________ 84 Project J Report on the results of the survey Use the questions as guidelines for your report. • What was the aim of the survey? • Who took part in the survey? • Do people know what nanotechnology means? Do they believe that it can be of some practical value? • Are people aware of how nanotechnology can be used in medicine? • Do they support further nanotechnology research? Useful language To collect (the) data about / to study the question of how aware people are..., we conducted a survey. .. .people took part in the survey .. .their ages range from... to... The analysis of the results proves that most / almost half / very few people... Only two people out of ten... Five people said that... which constitutes about ... % of the total number of respondents. Most people don’t feel interested because they don’t believe it’ll happen in their lifetime. A very small percentage, ten percent of the total, think that... A high percentage of the respondents support / object to... In contrast, younger respondents say that... We’ve studied the results and have come to the conclusion that... The results met our expectations that... / about... The results disproved our expectations... Project 85 Step 4 Read all the information you’ve got and decide if it confirms the hypothesis or not. Make up a presentation according to the plan. • Say if the hypothesis is confirmed or rejected. • Present information (facts, ideas or speculations) to support / reject the statement that nanotechnology can help people live longer and healthier lives. • Present the results of your research and your result-based suggestions (if people should be better informed / if the authorities should take into consideration people’s opinion / if more popular programmes should be broadcast to promote the idea). • Work out a conclusion. Group 2 Step 1 A Discuss the following questions before reading the text. Agree on the answers. Then read the text to find out if the information there agrees with your opinion or not. 1 How important is information for a person? How can he / she get it? 2 What can nanotechnology do to make information more accessible to you? 3 How can information accessibility and instant communication opportunities boost the development of society? Modern society is getting more and more informational. Information rules the world and the old statement “Information is the key factor that wins a battle” is applicable to our reality too. But information needs to be processed. And the more efficiently the better. Has it ever occurred to you how much more accessible information is today than it was ten, twenty or fifty years ago, let alone several centuries ago, which is still seconds in the history of mankind? It used to take people loads of time to search for information. A letter travelled for weeks and months to reach the addressee. If a student or a scientist needed information for their research — the only place to get it was the library with paper-based records only. And even genius brains can’t compete with an average computer in the speed of processing information and selecting the relevant items. The potential of nanotechnology in computing and information technology 86 Project is breathtaking. The most realistic goal is miniaturisation — no one doubts that within the next decade or two, nanotechnology will provide us with smaller computers with larger memories that can store millions times more information than current processors. Imagine that all the wisdom of civilisations is concentrated in a little device of a walnut size. Any person can get access to the information, knowledge and beauty that the brightest brains have generated! Another thing that can boost the development of society, as well as virtually unlimited storage of information, is the efficiency of getting and sharing it. The work on that is in full swing — researchers have already created nanotube transistors that can operate on extremely high frequencies. They can transmit electrical signals incredibly fast. This novelty is applicable to computers, wireless devices, cell phone systems and so on. There’s no need to explain that if high level scientists in different spheres are able to join their efforts and exchange information on a global scale, if they can share their hypotheses, data and experimental results, mankind can hope for most fantastic results. In this case we can expect discoveries starting from eliminating all known diseases to establishing contacts with extraterrestrial civilisations. How much information does a common person need? For people it’s never enough. “We are going to see something absolutely fantastic in the very near future. I’m sure of this,” says Andrew Croft, an Information Technology student. “Just imagine that a multifunctional chip implanted under your skin can supply you with any information you need, at any place and in any format. Yes, you can have it verbal, auditory and visual, it can be transmitted to your mind without any additional devices like screens or receivers. When having your coffee in the morning you may wish to observe the masterpieces of the Hermitage, and here it is — you are there! Oh, no, to put it more accurately, the Hermitage is here in your mind, and you are enjoying a virtual tour that looks exactly like a real one. Or even better, as coffee’s not allowed in the real Hermitage.” В JRead the text once again and choose between the two conclusions. a) Nanotechnology is essential for developing informational society. b) People are satisfied with the current level of communication. Excessive information will make our life more complicated and less enjoyable. Project 87 Step 2 Think of some other ideas of how nanotechnology could be incorporated in informational technology. What kind of information would you like to get permanent access to? What information would you like leading scientists to present to the public? Step 3 Find out people’s opinion about the potential of nanotechnology in developing informational society. Conduct a survey using the questionnaire below. Take the following steps: 1 Ask 6-10 people of any age to fill in the questionnaire form. 2 Analyse the responses. 3 Write a report on the results (see the layout below). Use statistics to support your statements. Questions Answers 1 Have you heard about nanotechnology? 1 1 Yes О No Ц I’m not sure 2 Can you define what it means? 1 1 Yes, it’s □ No |_| 1 understand the word but I can’t explain it. 88 Project Questioms Answers Do you think that nanotechnology can be applied in real life? I I Yes Q No Q I don’t know 4 What areas can nanotechnology be applied in? I I medicine I I construction I I theoretical physics researches I I communications I I space exploration I I agriculture □ ________________________ □ ________________________ □ ________________________ 5 Are you happy with the current amount of information accessible to you and the time you can process it? □ Yes □ No П I’ve never thought about it. □ _____________________ Some researchers think that implanted chips will enable any person to transmit and receive any information telepathically. When do you think it’ll happen? I I in 50 years I I in too years I I in 500 years □_______________ 7 Do you think the government should encourage research in nanotechnology and invest more money in it? П Yes, as nanotechnology can ultimately change people’s life in a very positive way. □ No, as it’s not a top priority today. There are more important areas to invest in. □ ............................................. Report on the results of the survey Use the questions as guidelines for your report. • What was the aim of the survey? • Who took part in the survey? • Do people know what nanotechnology means? Do they believe that it can be of some practical value? • What do people think about future informational and communicational opportunities for a person? • Do they support further nanotechnology research? Project 89 Useful language To collect (the) data about / to study the question of how aware people are..., we conducted a survey. .. .people took part in the survey .. .their ages range from... to... The analysis of the results proves that most / almost half / very few people... Only two people out of ten... Five people said that... which constitutes about ... % of the total number of respondents. Most people don’t feel interested because they don’t believe it’ll happen during their lifetime. A very small percentage, ten percent of the total, think that... A high percentage of the respondents support / object to... In contrast, younger respondents say that... We’ve studied the results and have come to the conclusion that... The results met our expectations that... / about... The results disproved our expectations... Step 4 Read through all the information you’ve got and decide if it confirms the hypothesis or not. Make up a presentation according to the plan. • Say if the hypothesis is confirmed or rejected. • Present facts, ideas, speculations about the current communication and information opportunities and speculate on how they can change in the future. • Present the results of the research on how people around you feel about nanotechnology and the consequential informational boom. • Work out a conclusion. 90 Project Group 3 Step 1 Discuss the following questions before reading the text. Agree on the answers. Then read the text to find out if the information there agrees with your opinion or not. 1 What humanities do you think can make use of nanotechnology? How? 2 Do you think that historians and philosophers can take an interest in nanotechnology too? 3 How could nanotech robots help learn more about the past of our civilisation? In very near future nanotechnology is likely to be widely hired by experts in a wide range of specialisations — chemistry, biology, engineering, physics and even philosophy and theology. Yes, paradoxically enough but science and religion are closer today than they were. Science doesn’t take a condescending view of “silly religious tales” any more and doesn’t mind scrutinizing religious resources for information that can give it new ideas. Religion in its turn is not so intolerant and hostile towards scientific researching and scientists’ desire to prove rather than believe. The media reports the information that the Vatican demonstrated their interest in the Large Hadron Collider experiment. Anyway, the collaboration and joint efforts of the used-to-be antagonists may probably bring us a step closer to discovering ourselves and our history. People who most naturally can bridge up the knowledge are.. .archeologists — people who treat facts and historical heritage, religions included, with equal respect. An opportunity to scrutinize archeological samples at nanoscale enables archeologists to find and study tiny traces which can say a lot about our past. For instance, tiniest particles of cosmic substances in the Earth’s aged sediments can support the hypothesis that meteorites may have had considerable impacts on the planet and their environmental consequences were deadly for some species of plants and animals. The mammoth extinction could have been caused by that very reason. Nanotechnology can be useful not only at the stage of studying archeological samples, but also at the previous stage of looking for them. The idea of Andrew Brett, a student who is partaking in an expedition as a trainee is naive but sensible. “We excavate to find different samples like tools, kitchen utensils, weapons and jewellery. I’ve got an idea to employ robots to do this job. Nanotech robots need to be of the size of an ant. Just like ants they can penetrate into the ground and remove it all, grain after grain, leaving only the particles they cannot identify as either soil or sand. Then people come up and see all the finds as they are left on the archeological site clean and undamaged.” This obviously makes sense as the number of discovered samples will increase tremendously. Moreover, robots can exchange information and can easily assemble broken objects or find a missing mosaic fragment. The most exciting thing is probably that nanorobots can get into the pharaohs’ tombs and transmit the most accurate and detailed information from there without disturbing the dead. Project 91 в , Read the text once again and choose between the two conclusions. a) Nanotechnology has a great potential for technical sciences but it is not very relevant to humanities like history, culture, philosophy and so on. b) Humanitarian science researchers are very enthusiastic about nanotechnology because it can offer a very advanced level of scrutinizing their material. They think that nanotechnology can be applied to deal with some routine work too. Step 2 Think of some other way in which nanotechnology could be used by humanities. Suggest what nanodevices can do in that field. Step 3 Find out people’s opinion about the potential of nanotechnology in humanities. Conduct a survey using the questionnaire below. Take the following steps; 1 Ask 6-10 people of any age to fill in the questionnaire form. 2 Analyse the responses. 3 Write a report on the results (see the layout below). Use statistics to support your statements. Questions Answers 1 Have you heard about nanotechnology? 1 1 Yes О No Ц I’m not sure 2 Can you define what it means? ^ 1 Yes, it’s □ No □ I understand the word but I can’t explain it. 92 Project A Questions Answers 3 Do you think that nanotechnology can be applied in real life? П Yes No О I don’t know 4 What areas can nanotechnology be applied in? 1 1 medicine 1 ^ construction 1 ^ theoretical physics researches 1 ^ communications 1 ^ space exploration 1 ^ agriculture □ □ □ 5 Do you agree that nanotechnology is more applicable to engineering than humanities? □ Yes, Q| No, nanotechnology can be used in both areas □ I don’t know 6 Do you think that nanotechnology can help people find out more about the history of our universe, planet and civilisation? □ Yes □ No □ I’m not sure 7 Do you think the government should encourage research in nanotechnology and invest more money in it? 1^1 Yes, as nanotechnology can ultimately change people’s life in a very positive way □ No, as it’s not a top priority today. There are more important areas to invest in. □ Report on the results of the survey Use the questions as guidelines for your report. • What was the aim of the survey? • Who took part in the survey? • Do people know what nanotechnology means? Do they believe that it can be of some practical value? • What do people think about the possibility to reveal the mystery of the origin of our civilisation? • Do they support further nanotechnology researching? Project 93 Useful language To collect the data about / to study the question of how aware people are..., we conducted a survey. .. .people took part in the survey .. .their ages range from... to... The analysis of the results proves that most / almost half / very few people... Only two people out of ten... Five people said that... which constitutes about ... % of the total number of respondents. Most people don’t feel interested because they don’t believe it’ll happen during their lifetime. A very small percentage, ten percent of the total, think that... A high percentage of the respondents support / object to... In contrast, younger respondents say that... We’ve studied the results and have come to the conclusion that... The results met our expectations that... / about... The results disproved our expectations... 94 Project Step 4 Read all the information you’ve got and decide if it confirms the hypothesis or not. Make up a presentation according to the plan. • Say if the hypothesis is confirmed or rejected. • Present facts, ideas, speculations about possible areas of application of nanotechnology in humanities. • Present the results of the research on how people around you feel about nanotechnology in humanities. • Work out a conclusion. Listen to the presentations of the other groups. Ask questions. Choose between the two conclusions. Nanotechnology has a huge potential and can change our life significantly. Society should push nano-related research. The importance of nanotechnology is very much exaggerated. Society needs to focus on real life problems instead of investing money in unrealistic projects. Project 95 Учебное издание Биболетова Мерем Забатовна Бабушис Елена Евгеньевна Снежко Надежда Дмитриевна Английский язык UU о ut-^uu/us.oux^ JUmJ Рабочая тетрадь № 1 к учебнику для 11 класса общеобразовательных учреждений Замдиректора по подготовке изданий С. В. Ширина Редактор Г. М. Фролова Корректоры Г. А. Киселева, Г. П. Мартыненко Дизайн макета В. КиН, Н. С. Вишенковой Иллюстрации Н. В. Мишиной, А. В. Савельевой Художественный редактор Е. А. Валяева Цифровая обработка изображений Л. Н. Новоселова Лицензия ИД № 00416 от 10.11.99. Санитарно-эпидемиологическое заключение о соответствии санитарным правилам РФ № 77.99.60.953.Д.001105.01.10 от 26.01.2010. Подписано в печать 05.08.2010. Формат 60x84/8. Гарнитура “Миньон”. Печать офсетная. Бумага офсетная. Уел. печ. л. 11,19. Уч.-изд. л. 7,05. Уел. кр.-отт. 12,13. Тир. 25000 экз. Зак. № 2225. Издательство “Титул”. 249035, г. Обнинск, Калужская обл., а/я 5055. Тел. (48439) 9-10-09. E-mail [email protected] (книга почтой), [email protected] (оптовые покупатели). Отпечатано в ЗАО „ИПК Парето-Принт“. г. Тверь, www.pareto-print.ru //# Издательство “Титул” выпускает единую линию учебно-методических комплектов для 2-11 -ж классов “Английский с удовольствием” / “Enjoy English”: для 2-4 классов — учебники “Enjoy English-1”, “Enjoy English-2” (Part 1, Part 2), книги для учителя, Прописи, рабочие тетради, аудиокассеты, сборник песен “Game-Songs” с аудиоприложением (CD MP3), обучающая компьютерная программа „Интерактивные плакаты” для 2-4 классов (новая редакция с июня 2006 года) — учебники, книги для учителя, рабочие тетради, аудиоприложение (аудиокассеты, CD MP3), сборник песен “Game-Songs” с аудиоприложением (CD MP3), обучающие компьютерные программы “Enjoy the ABC”, “Enjoy Listening and Playing”, „Интерактивные плакаты” для 5-6 классов — учебник, книга для учителя, книга для чтения для 6-го класса, рабочая тетрадь, аудиоприложение (CD MP3) для 7 класса — учебник, книга для учителя, рабочая тетрадь, аудиоприложение (аудиокассета, CD MP3) для 8 класса — учебник, книга для учителя, рабочая тетрадь, аудиоприложение (CD MP3) для 9 класса — учебник, книга для учителя, рабочая тетрадь № 1, рабочая тетрадь № 2 “Контрольные работы”, аудиоприложение (CD MP3) для 10 класса — учебник, книга для учителя, рабочая тетрадь № 1, рабочая тетрадь № 2 “Контрольные работы”, аудиоприложение (CD MP3) для 11 класса — учебник, книга для учителя, рабочая тетрадь № 1, рабочая тетрадь № 2 “Контрольные работы”, аудиоприложение (CD MP3) для 10-11 классов — элективные курсы “Moscow”, “St Petersburg”, “The Urals”, “Business English for Schools” и “English for Science” Авторская программа курса (2-11 классы) Интернет-поддержка учебников и дополнительные материалы на сайтах: www.titul.ru,www.englishteachers.ru По вопросам приобретения книг следует обращаться в издательство "Титул”: 249035, г. Обнинск Калужской обл., а/я 5055, тел.: (48439) 9-10-09, факс: (48439) 9-10-00, e-mail: [email protected] (книга почтой), [email protected] (оптовые покупатели). ISBN 978-5-86866-512-7 9 785868 665127 > Издательство “Титул”