Английский язык 6 класс Книга для чтения Афанасьева Михеева

PROSVESHCHENIYE PUBLISHERS к АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Пособие для учащихся общеобразовательных учреждений и школ с углублённым изучением английского языка 14-е издание Москва «Просвещение» 2012 УДК 373.167.1:811.111 ББК 81.2АНГЛ-93 А64 Авторы- составители: О. В. Афанасьева, К. М. Баранова, И. В. Михеева Английский язык. Книга для чтения. VI класс : пособие для А64 учащихся общеобразоват. учреждений и шк. с углубл. изучением англ. яз. / [авт.-сост. О. В. Афанасьева и др.]. — 14-е изд. — М.: Просвещение, 2012. — 123 с. : ил. — ISBN 978-5-09-028942-9. Книга для чтения является составной частью учебно-методического комплекта по английскому языку для VI класса общеобразовательных учреждений и школ с углублённым изучением английского языка. Материал книги для чтения соотнесён с соответствующими циклами учебника. УДК 373.167.1:811.111 ББК 81.2АНГЛ-93 ISBN 978-5-09-028942-9 © Издательство «Просвещение», 1992, 2005 © Художественное оформление. Издательство «Просвещение», 1992, 2005 Все права защищены Памятка для учителя Книга для чтения к учебнику английского языка для VI класса по своей структуре несколько отличается от аналогичных книг для чтения, предлагаемых учащимся на предыдущих (начальных) ступенях обучения, хотя преемственность сохраняется в большой степени. Reader VI, как и предыдущие книги для чтения, состоит из двух частей, при этом первая часть лексически и грамматически ориентирована на соответствующий материал и цикл учебника и, по мнению авторов, является обязательной для всех учащихся. Однако нумерация уроков домашнего чтения не совпадает с нумерацией циклов учебника. Нижеследующая таблица соотносит предлагаемый текст учебника с соответствующим уроком Reader VI. Цикл учебника (Unit) Урок домашнего чтения (Home Reading Lesson) Unit 1 Home Reading Lesson 1 Unit 2 Home Reading Lesson 2 Unit 3 Home Reading Lesson 3 Unit 4 Home Reading Lesson 4 Unit 5 Home Reading Lesson 5 Unit 8 Home Reading Lesson 6 Unit 9 Home Reading Lesson 7 Unit 10 Home Reading Lesson 8 1* Продолжение Цикл учебника (Unit) Урок домашнего чтения (Home Reading Lesson) Unit 13 Home Reading Lesson 9 Unit 14 Home Reading Lesson 10 Unit 16 Home Reading Lesson 11 Unit 17 Home Reading Lesson 12 Unit 18 Home Reading Lesson 13 Unit 20 Home Reading Lesson 14 Unit 21 Home Reading Lesson 15 Предполагается, что сами тексты и задания к ним учащиеся готовят дома, а в классе учитель проводит обсуждение подготовленного материала, при необходимости прочитывая с учащимися определённые отрывки вслух, продолжая ориентацию на выработку навыков выразительного чтения, которая характерна для самого учебника. Последний раздел каждого урока первой части “Let Us Widen Our Scope” следует предлагать тем учащимся, которые особенно интересуются английским языком. Он действительно расгаиряет кругозор учащихся, более детально вводя в тему соответствующего цикла учебника. Однако в нём собраны аутентичные тексты и задания, что, несомненно, предполагает существенные трудности. По мнению авторов, эти тексты должны прочитываться дома с англо-русским словарём. Это же относится и ко второй части Reader VI, которая вся является дополнительным материалом. Её можно прочитать и на отдыхе во время каникул, и в свободное время дома. Так как не все учителя будут работать в классе со второй частью Reader VI, в конце книги предлагаются ключи к заданиям текстов этого раздела, для того чтобы учащиеся могли самостоятельно убедиться в правильном понимании прочитанного текста. По вышеуказанным причинам мини-словарик в книгу не включается, а все тексты первой части снабжены постраничными комментариями, которые должны снять определенные лексические и грамматические трудности ещё неизвестного для учащихся материала. Авторы INTRODUCTION Dear All, You have been learning English already for five years using Textbooks and Readers of this series. Welcome to Reader VI. Here you will find stories and fairy tales that will carry you from Russia to other countries, from reality to fantasy, from yesterday to tomorrow. Ride your imagination! You will meet Mr. Willy Wonka, a chocolate factory owner, who found very special methods of making the best chocolate in the world using little Oompa-Loompas as workers. You will also learn many things about Robin Hood and his men. You will get to the Land of Munchkins and to the famous Emerald City of the Wizard of Oz. Reader VI is waiting for you. Get ready for adventure! PART I Home Reodinq \иш Q Read the text and explain the title of the story. THE HUNGRY YELLOW LION After B. Dunlop Early one spring Saturday, it began to rain so hard that I thought the sky would fall down. It rained all that day and night. There was a lot of water on the roads. I thought it was great. I jumped up and down. “I hope it rains forever.” I shouted to Mum. “I hope I won’t have to go to school on Monday and have a math test.” Mum looked furious ['fjusriss]. “What a foolish thing to say. Rain can be a disaster [di'za:st3],” she said. Mum turned on the radio to listen to the daily weather forecast. At 10 o’clock our local weathermen spoke about weather and barometer changes. Their report couldn’t make Mum calm. They promised a rainstorm. But I was happy. After breakfast on Sunday I put on my raincoat and boots and went to the river. The wind and rain tore at my clothes and hurt my face. I had never seen anything so wonderful. Instead of our quiet narrow river there was a roaring ['гэ:по] yellow lion running away down the valley f'vaeli]. Though it was nearly afternoon it was misty and you could hardly see because of the rain. On my way back from the river, I беспрестанно разъяренный катастрофа С .\ ревущий ^лина Dad and our dog, Don, driving the cows up to the house. “Come on,” Dad shouted to me. “See if you can help the young ones.” I ran over to Dad. I came up to my pet cow Isobel [’izabsl] and her new calf [ka:f]. Isobel looked at me. She mooed [mu:d] sadly. I felt really important helping Dad. “We are going to have a disaster,” I whispered to myself. “There’ll be no math test tomorrow because of the disaster.” After tea, it rained harder than ever. The wind howled [hauldj around the house, and in the distance we could hear the roar of the river. Don howled so loudly at the kitchen door that we had to let him inside. I went to bed early and hid myself under the blankets I'blaepkits]. I felt warm and safe. “Please, God, let’s have a real rainstorm,” I oraved [preidj. In the morning I woke up and looked through the window. It was still raining, and there was yellow water down in the valley. Our farm had changed into another world. I understood — no school today! I jumped into теленок промычала завывал одеяла молилась my clothes and ran out to the dining room. “Mum! Dad!” I shouted. “Come and look at all the water!” Then I stopped. The dining room was full of animals and birds, some of pigs were by the fireplace. There were a lot of chickens on the sofa. Mum came into the room with some turkeys. “There are still some left in the basket [ba:skit] outside,” she called to me. She looked as if she hadn’t been to bed. “Get them in for me, will you?” my mother said. Dad came from behind the house. He was half pulling and half carrying a wet sheep. He pulled it to the veranda [va'raenda] and tied it to the door. I ran outside. Our house was sitting on an island. I could see the water dancing around the legs of Isobel’s new calf. Then I heard a sad “moo” and the calf was gone. The hungry yellow river had swallowed it. I could hear Isobel’s mooing, then she was swallowed by the hungry river too. The yellow river was a hungry lion. It had swallowed many cows and calves, and now it was going to swallow us all. Mum came back from outside. She smiled at me, but I could see she was frightened ['fraitndj. We went inside and Mum made hot drinks. It took her a long time because everything was so wet. Mum put an arm around Dad and me. “Drink up,” she said. “It may not be as bad as it looks. The water will go down soon, and we might be able to save some of the cows.” But the water didn’t go down. Within [wi'dinj an hour, the hungry yellow lion was starting to come into the house. And because we couldn’t do anything else, we got onto the table with some blankets and sat there trembling, watching the yellow water. Dad gave me a hug. “We’re certainly having an adven- 8 корзина Oh наполовину тянул испугана в течение С дрожа/обнял меня приключение помахал рукой спасли ture [sd'ventjaj,” he said. “It’s a disaster, isn’t it, Dad?” I asked. He nodded. Suddenly he held up his hand. “Hush!” he said. “Listen! It’s Ted Jackson in his motorboat f'msutobsut],” he cried. He opened the window and waved. I had never been so glad to see old Ted Jackson in my life. Nobody talked much. We got into the boat and made our way through the yellow water to Ted’s house on high ground at the other side of the valley. The next day the water went down, we went back to the farm. We saved most of the birds and animals from the house, but all the cows were gone. Dad had to borrow money from the bank, and we were hard for a long time. As for me, I couldn’t believe that I was the same girl, who had asked God for a rainstorm and disaster. 1. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. Mum turned on the radio to listen to the daily weather forecast. 2. The wind and rain tore at my clothes and hurt my face. 3. We got into the boat and made our way through the yellow water to Ted’s house. 4. Within an hour, the hungry yellow lion was starting to come into the house. 5. Mum came into the room with some turkeys. 6. It rained all that day and night. 7. In the morning I woke up and looked through the window. 8. We went inside and Mum made hot drinks. 9. The next day the water went down, we went back to the farm. 10. On my way back from the river, I saw Dad and our dog, Don. 2. Correct the statements. 1. Linda was very unhappy when it began raining hard. 2. Linda was afraid of the coming rainstorm. 3. Linda’s parents kept all their animals in the farmhouse. 4. The river was narrow and quiet during the rainstorm. 5. Linda couldn’t sleep because of the rain. 6. Isobel and her calf ran away. 7. Linda’s mother quickly made hot drinks for her husband and' daughter. 8. Ted’s house was in town. 9. The rainstorm lasted for ten days. 3. Answer the questions. 1. What season was it when it began raining hard? 2. What made Linda’s mother angry? 3. What was the weather forecast? 4. How did the river change during the rainstorm? 5. What was Linda’s father doing when she met him on her way back from the river? 6. Who was Linda’s pet? 7. What did Linda see in the dining room the next morning? 8. In what way did Linda’s mother try to calm her daughter? 9. Who saved Linda and her parents? How? 10. How did Linda’s life change after the rainstorm? 4. Explain why: 1) Linda didn’t want to go to school; 2) Linda’s mother was unhappy about the weather forecast; 3) it was misty on Sunday afternoon; 4) Linda’s parents let their dog in; 5) it took Linda’s mother a long time to make hot drinks; 6) Linda’s father said they were certainly having an adventure; 7) nobody talked much when Ted’s motorboat came; | 8) the family were hard for a long time; 9) the girl changed. 5. Prove that: 1) Linda thought only about herself during the rainstorm; 2) the people could do nothing to save the cows and their calves 3) the dog was frightened; 4) it was cold in the room during the rainstorm; 5) the rainstorm didn’t last long but brought a lot of problems. 6. Try and illustrate these proverbs with the help of the 1. Fire and water are good servants, but bad mas^^§. (Огонь и вода — хорошие слуги, но плохие хозяева.) 2. Every cloud has a silver lining. (У каждоА> (^лака есть серебря- ная подкладка. Даже в самой мрачной Хси^ации можно найти светлые стороны.) • ' 10 3. Life is not all beer and skittles. (Жизнь не только пиво и кегли. Жизнь не состоит лишь из сплошных развлечений и удовольствий.) 4. While there is life, there is hope. (Пока есть жизнь, есть и надежда.) Let Us Widen Our Scope^ Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. Scales to Measure the Temperature People use two types of thermometers to tell the temperature. Centigrade scale is used mostly in Europe. It is such a scale, in which water freezes at zero degrees and boils at 100 degrees. It is shown by the symbol C. For example: “The temperature is still 21 degrees C.” But you can read that in two ways: either “It’s still 21 degrees Centigrade,” or “It’s still 21 degrees Celsius.” In America another scale to measure the temperature is used. It is such a scale in which water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. You often can hear such phrases: “It’s 10 degrees Centigrade. What’s that in Fahrenheit?” The answer is 50. Look at the table and compare the two scales. Boiling point Centigrade Scale 100 Fahrenheit Scale 212 90 194 80 176 70 158 60 140 50 122 40 104 30 86 20 68 10 50 Freezing point 0 32 -10 -17,8 14 0 ^ Let us widen our scope — Давайте расширять свой кругозор 11 Home Reading Read the text and explain why Mrs. Pepperpot ['pepQpDt] was an unusual old lady. THE SKI RACE Part I Mrs. Pepperpot is a funny fragile old woman who at some moments becomes as small as a pepperpot. She never knows when it can happen but she feels when she is going to be her normal size again. Mrs. Pepperpot is married. Her husband, Mr. Pepperpot, is a sportsman. He has been going in for sports for many years and is good at winter and summer sports. The Pepperpots live in Norway. They are fond of growing vegetables in their greenhouse and travelling all over the world. Last summer they spent a month on the coast of the Mediterranean. Though the heat was really unbearable [лпЪеэгэЫ] Mr. Pepperpot spent many hours a day in the sunshine. He liked the sunlight and did not believe that it can do humans any harm or badly influence their health or even ruin it. He swam a lot too. Mrs. Pepperpot suffered a little from the changes in the climate. She was used to warm summer afternoons and cool evenings of her native country where you always breathe in fresh air and feel active. But she enjoyed her holiday. The Pepperpots stayed out a lot and Mr. Pepperpot even \ slept out. • After Alf Proysen невыносимым прохдадньш Р0Д1®Я^ С ч> \ 12 When they came home it was autumn in Norway. The days became shorter. The weather got changeable. It started raining. It often snowed. Soon real winter began. Winter had always had a great influence on Mr. Pepperpot. He was fond of taking part in different winter sports competitions [ikompi'tijnz]. Thus as usual, he decided to go in for the local ski race. He had been a pretty good skier when he was young, so he said to Mrs. Pepperpot, “I don’t see why I shouldn’t have a go this year; I feel much better than I have for many years.” “That’s right, husband, you do that,” said Mrs. Pepperpot, “and if you win the cup, you’ll get your favourite cake when you come home.” So Mr. Pepperpot put his name down and on the day of the race he put on his white parka ['ра:кэ] and red cap and got out. He slung his skis over his shoulders and said he would wax [waeksj them when he got to the starting point. “Best of luck!” said Mrs. Pepperpot and her husband went off. It was not before he had turned the corner by the main road that Mrs. Pepperpot caught sight fsait] of his can of wax which he had left on the chair. “Oh, my!” exclaimed [ik'skleimdj Mrs. Pepperpot. “Now I shall have to go after him or his skis won’t go forward and there’ll be no cup in this house today. The day will be ruined for Mr. Pepperpot.” So, Mrs. Pepperpot ran up the road as fast as she could with the can of wax. When she got near the starting point there was a huge crowd there. She tried to find her husband, but everyone seemed to he__wearing white parkas and red caps. At last she saw a pair of sticks stuck in the соревнования попытать счастья, рискнуть кубок куртка с капюшоном перекинул лыжи через плечо/натирать мазью заметила/коробка с мазью воскликнула вперед на всех, казалось, были надеты воткнуты 13 инициалы в стороне snow with a red cap on them. She could see the letters P.P. on the cap. “That must be his cap,” thought Mrs. Pepperpot. “Those are his initials [I'nijlz], Peter Pepperpot. I’ll just put the wax in the cap, then he’ll find it when he comes back.” Nobody knows what influenced Mrs. Pepperpot but she suddenly got very small and it was she who fell into the cap. “No harm done,” thought Mrs. Pepperpot. “When Peter comes, he’ll see me in his cap. Then he can put me down somewhere out of the wav of the race. And as soon as I grow large again I can go home.” 1. Say who in the text: 1) grew vegetables in the greenhouse; 2) slept out during the holiday on the Mediterranean coast; 3) suffered a little from the heat; 4) was going to win the cup; 5) had been a pretty good skier while young; 6) was fond of travelling all over the worlda^A-ir 7) left the can of wax on the chair; \ \ ^ 8) lived in Norway; 9) fell into the cap. c N> 14 .\ 2. Say “True”, “False” or “I don’t know”. 1. Mrs. Pepperpot was a very good-looking old lady. 2. The Pepperpots spent their summer in Italy. 3. It was very hot during their stay on the Mediterranean coast. 4. Mr. Pepperpot liked skiing more than swimming. 5. Mr. Pepperpot felt bad before the race. 6. Mrs. Pepperpot was going to make her husband’s favourite cake. 7. Mr. Pepperpot’s parka was blue. 8. Mrs. Pepperpot had to run to catch up with her husband. 9. There were a lot of people near the starting point of the race. 10. Mrs. Pepperpot put the can of wax in a red cap with the letters P.P. on it. 3. Answer the questions. 1. Where do the Pepperpots live? 2. Where did they spend their summer holidays? 3. What was the weather like on the coast? 4. How did Mr. Pepperpot spend his holiday? 5. What was the weather like in Norway when the Pepperpots came back? 6. Mr. Pepperpot was not a good skier, was he? 7. What did Mrs. Pepperpot promise her husband if he came home with the cup? 8. What did Mr. Pepperpot leave at home? 9. What did Mrs. Pepperpot see when she got to the starting point of the race? 10. What made Mrs. Pepperpot think that she had found her husband’s cap and skis? 4. Prove that: 1) Mr. Pepperpot was fond of sports; 2) Mrs. Pepperpot loved her husband; 3) Mrs. Pepperpot had a kind heart; 4) the autumn in Norway was not very pleasant; 5) Mrs. Pepperpot was an unusual woman; 6) Mrs. Pepperpot was a clever woman with a lot of imagination; 7) Mrs. Pepperpot was a brave woman; 8) the Pepperpots’ stay on the coast did Mr. Pepperpot a lot of good. 5. Explain why: 1) Mr. Pepperpot stayed out in the sun for many hours; 2) Mrs. Pepperpot suffered a little on the Mediterranean; 15 6. 3) Mr. Pepperpot decided to go in for the local ski race; 4) Mrs. Pepperpot had to go to the starting point of the race; 5) Mrs. Pepperpot could not find her husband there; 6) Mrs. Pepperpot found herself in the red cap with the letters P.P. on it. What do you think will happen to Mrs. Pepperpot later? What will happen to her husband? How will the story end? Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. World Climates There are many different climates around the world, from arctic to tropical. Climates can be classified in many complex ways. The broadest and most general method is to divide each hemisphere into broad belts and climatic zones. The ancient Greeks made the earliest attempts at classifying climate. They recognized a winterless tropical region, a summerless polar region where temperatures are usually very low, and an intermediate region with cool summers and mild winters. A simple classification can be based on two climatic elements, namely temperature and precipitation (rain, snow, dew, etc.). When both average temperature and precipitation are known, it is possible to classify a particular location into a climatic type. Look at the map to get information about World Climates. Л c a Tropical rainy climates Mild humid climates Tropical wet with no i—-i Humid temperate dry season —^ climate Tropical wet with short i---1 Dry winter (subtropical '---' monsoon) Dry summer (Mediter-ranean) Dry climates Cold humid climates I I Semiarid or subhumid No dry season \ 1 Arid (desert) [ЦЦ Dry winter dry season Dry winter Cold polar climates I I Tundra and ice caps I---1 Highland (mountain) '—* climates Home Readino Ьэ® Read the text and say what helps Mrs. Pepperpot to get over all the difficulties since the day of the race. THE SKI RACE Part II But a moment later a big hand took up the cap, put it on and Mrs. Pepperpot was trapped [traept]. “Oh, well!” she thought. “I’d better not say anything before the race starts.” For she knew Mr. Pepperpot hated to think anybody might get to know about her ability to change her size. Mr. Pepperpot hated to think that people could understand what an unusual creature Mrs. Pepperpot was. He was sure it could endanger her life and destroy their comfort. She was a bit different from all the known mammal species but just a bit. “Number Forty-Six!” Mrs. Pepperpot heard the starter shout. “On vour mark ... get set ... go!” And Number Forty-Six, with Mrs. Pepperpot in his cap, started off. “Somebody has lent him some wax,” she thought. “There is nothing wrong with his skis, anyway.” Then from under the cap she shouted, “Don’t overdo it, now, or you’ll have no breath fbreG] left at the end!” She could feel the skier slow up a little. “I’m sure you know who’s under your cap,” she added. “You had forgotten to take the wax, so I brought it along. Only I fell into your cap instead of the wax.” Mrs. Pepperpot now felt the skier’s head turn • After Alf Proysen попала в ловушку может узнать На старт! Внимание! Марш! одолжил дыхание & с 0 \ \ 18 around to see if anyone was talking to him from behind. “It’s me, you fool!” said Mrs. Pepperpot. “I’ve become small again. You’ll have to nut me off somewhere near our house. You pass right by, remember?” But the skier had stopped completely now. “Come on, man, get a move on!” shouted Mrs. Pepperpot. “They’ll all pass you!” “Is it... is it true that you’re the little old woman who can become as small as a pepperpot?” “Of course — you know that!” laughed Mrs. Pepperpot. “Am I married to you? Is it my wife who can change her size?” “Yes, yes, but hurry now!” Her words produced a great effect on the skier. “No,” he said, “if that’s how it is. I’m not going on with the race at all.” “Rubbish ['глЬг/]!” shouted Mrs. Pepperpot. “You must go on!” But the skier did not move. “Maybe you’d like me to get out of your cap and show myself to everybody? Any minute now I may go back to my full size and then the whole crowd will see who you are married to. Come on, now! With some luck you may just do it! But there is no time to lose. Hurry!” This worked. The skier started running as fast as he could. “Track!” he shouted as he was passing the other skiers. But when they came to the refreshment stand [ri'frejmont 'staend] Mrs. Pepperpot could smell the lovely hot soup, and she thought her husband should have some. “We’re wav ahead now.” she called. “You could take a rest.” The skier slowed down to a stop, and Mrs. Pepperpot could hear there were many peo- отделаться от меня двигайся, трогайся с места чепуха лыжня место отдыха мы далеко впереди 19 pie standing around him. “Well done!” they said. “But why are you looking so frightened [Traitndl?” “It is this cap of mine — I’m afraid of my cap.” But the people told him not to worry, he had a good chance of winning. Under the cap Mrs. Pepperpot was getting nervous f'nsrvosl again. “That’s enough of that,” she called. “We’ll have to go on now.” The people who stood nearest heard the voice and wondered who spoke. “Probably some loudspeaker,” someone said. And Mrs. Pepperpot couldn’t help laughing. “Nearer the truth than you think!” she thought. Then she called out again, “Come on, husband, let’s see if we can make it.” And the skis shot away again. Very soon Mrs. Pepperpot could hear the sound of clapping and cheering. Suddenly the skier stopped, took off his cap and threw it off under the fir trees. Mrs. Pepperpot found herself in the snow and felt that she began growing big. So she got up, shook the snow испуганный обеспокоенный не могла не рассмеяться лыжи снова понеслись вперед ели я подумал, что не стоит принимать участие в соревновании за всю свою жизнь привидение off her skirt, and walked quietly home to her house. From the cheering in the distance she was sure her husband had won the cup. Sure enough, Mr. Pepperpot soon came home — without the cup. “I forgot to take the wax,” he said, “so I didn’t think it was worth going' in for the race. But I watched it. Paul Peterson had won the cup. I have never seen him run like that in all mv born days. All the same he looked very strange, as if he’d seen a ghost [g9ust| or something extinct — reptile or insect. When the race was over he was not cured and kept talking about his wife and his cap. He even telephoned his house to make sure his wife had been there all the time, watching the race on television.” Then Mrs. Pepperpot began to laugh. And ever since, when she is feeling sad or things are not going just right, all she has to do is to remember the day she went ski-racing in the wrong cap, and then she laughs and laughs and laughs. 1. These statements are wrong. Correct them. 1. Mr. Pepperpot wanted to tell everybody what an unusual creature his wife was. 2. Mrs. Pepperpot was in the cap of skier number 47. 3. The skier understood at once who was in his cap. 4. Mrs. Pepperpot used her magic to make the skier run as fast as he could. 5. The skier was sure there was a witch in his cap. 6. The skier stopped at the refreshment stand because he was hungry. 7. The skier looked frightened because he understood he couldn’t win the race. 8. Mrs. Pepperpot had hurt her arms and legs badly when she found herself under the fir tree. 9. Mr. Pepperpot won the cup. 10. When Mrs. Pepperpot feels sad or things do not go just right she at once changes her size. 21 2. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. Mrs. Pepperpot could smell the lovely hot soup. 2. When people heard Mrs. Pepperpot’s voice coming from under the cap they decided it was some loudspeaker. 3. The skier turned his head to see if anyone was talking to him from behind. 4. Mrs. Pepperpot said she might go back to her full size. 5. Mr. Pepperpot came home without the cup. 6. Mrs. Pepperpot made the skier stop near the refreshment stand. 7. Number Forty-Six, with Mrs. Pepperpot in his cap, started off. 8. Mrs. Pepperpot found the best way to be cured. 9. Mr. Pepperpot told his wife why he hadn’t taken part in the race. 10. Mrs. Pepperpot was trapped in the skier’s cap. 3. Answer the questions. 1. What did Mr. Pepperpot hate to think about? 2. In what way was Mrs. Pepperpot different from all the known mammal species? 3. When did Mrs. Pepperpot start talking with the skier? 4. Where did Mrs. Pepperpot ask the skier to put her off? 5. What made the skier run as fast as he could? 6. What did Mrs. Pepperpot say to Paul Peterson when they came to the refreshment stand? 7. What happened to Mrs. Pepperpot when the skier took off his cap? 8. When did Mrs. Pepperpot feel that she began growing big? 9. How did Mr. Pepperpot explain to his wife the fact that he had not won the cup? 10. What was strange about Paul Peterson during and after the race? 4. Explain why: 1) Mr. Pepperpot hated to think anybody might know the triith about Mrs. Pepperpot; 2) Mrs. Pepperpot thought that somebody had given wax to l^^ws- band; /pX 3) Mrs. Pepperpot didn’t speak to the skier before theV^c^^egan; 4) Mrs. Pepperpot asked the skier not to overdo the г£^>| hot to run very fast at first; 5) the skier turned his head when he heard Mjj^. T^perpot’s voice; 6) the skier decided not to go on with the race at all; 7) Mrs. Pepperpot was sure her husband had won the race; 8) Mr. Pepperpot came back home without the cup; 22 9) Mr. Pepperpot thought Paul Peterson was a bit strange during the race and after it; 10) Mrs. Pepperpot laughs when she remembers the day she went ski-racing in the wrong cap. 5. Work in pairs and act out a talk between: 1) Mrs. Pepperpot and her husband before the race; 2) Mrs. Pepperpot and her husband after the race; 3) Paul Peterson and his wife over the telephone; 4) Mrs. Pepperpot and the skier during the race; 5) Paul Peterson and Mr. Pepperpot after the race. 6. Add more details to these. 1. Mrs. Pepperpot was an unusual woman. 2. Mr. Pepperpot left his wax at home. 3. Mrs. Pepperpot got trapped in the skier’s cap. 4. The skier couldn’t believe his ears when he heard a voice from under his cap. 5. Mrs. Pepperpot grew big again. 6. Mr. Pepperpot came back home without the cup. 7. Mrs. Pepperpot always laughs when she remembers the day when she went ski-racing in the wrong cap. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT ANIMAL WORLD Animals in Danger Penguins are killed because of pollution caused by oil from ships and other things. Mountain gorilla that weighs over 100 kilos and is very strong lives high in the mountains of Uganda. They are killed because their hands are used to make souvenirs. Musk ox from India and Nepal is almost extinct now. Musk oxen are killed because people use their musk when making perfume. Arabian onyx lives in Arabia and is in danger because of its horns. They are used for ornaments. African elephants are hunted and killed. People do it to take their tusks and make souvenirs from them. There are not many elephants left now. 23 Incredible Birds The Roc was a fabulous bird, according to “The Arabian Nights”. It was of enormous size, large enough to carry off elephants to feed its young! It could easily fly off with a man (Sindbad the Sailor was one of them). Of course, the Roc is only a storybook creation, not a real bird at all. But giant birds did live, and not long ago. On the island of Madagascar lived the elephant bird, 3 metres tall and weighing 500 kilograms. The moa bird from New Zealand was half as heavy but taller. These birds couldn’t fly. Both died out between 1700 and 1850, hunted by man. Л Home ffeoding liQgg©® Read the text and say what in your opinion are the best rules to live a Iona life. HOW LONG WILL YOU LIVE? Hundreds of people in the world are a hundred years old or more. Certain parts of the world are famous for the long lives [laivzj of their people: Georgia ['cfeoicfejs] in the Caucasus, the Vilacamba [,У11э'клтЬэ] Valley in Ecuador ['ekwsdo:], and the home of the Hunzas ['liAnzas] in the Himalayas [.hima'leisz]. But there is the so-called “truth problem” when you test people’s age. In 1959 224 men and 368 women in the Soviet Union said that they were more than 120 years old. But no one could prove their real age. Were they telling the truth or not? One old man in Azerbaijan [,aez3bai'cfea:n] lived to the age of 168. What was his secret? He could not add up, so he got his age wrong. A hundred years ago no one could read or write in mountain villages, so there were no lists of births and deaths. In one village, when the young men did not want to join the army, they added ten years to their real age. “We are too old to fight,” they told the men from the city. For the rest of their lives they were ten years older than their real age. Fathers and sons often had the same name. A son saw his father’s name on a list and said, “That’s me.” So, in one second, he added thirty years to his age. Everyone agrees that there are After M. C. Vincent жизни Грузия Эквадор Гималаи Азербайджан Всю оставшуюся жизнь 25 many very old people in Georgia, Ecuador and the Himalayas, but it is difficult to discover their true age. Why do so many people live to a healthy old age in certain parts of the world? What is the secret of their long lives? Three things seem to be very important: fresh air, fresh food and a simple way of life. People work near their homes in the clean, mountain air instead of travelling long distances ['distonsiz] to work by bus, car or train. The population doesn’t suffer much from air or water pollution. People think a lot about mountain ecology and protect their environment. Though the countryside is somewhere poisoned and damaged, yet people try their best to keep their habitats clean. It is also very important that people do not sit all day in busy offices or facto^^^ расстояния Л C 26 but work hard outdoors in the fields. They take more exercise and eat less food than people in the cities of the West. For years the Hunzas of the Himalayas did not need policemen, lawyers or doctors. There was no crime and not much illness in their society [ss'saiatij. They are famous all over India for their long, healthy lives. The Hunzas did not eat much food, and they only ate fresh food. They grew their own food in good soil and did not overcook it. Sir Robert McCarrison [msk'kaerisn], a doctor in the Indian Medical Service, did some experiments [ik'sperimgnts] with rats feeding them on different diets for 27 months. (This is the same as 50 years of human life.) From these experiments comes the theory that the right diet leads to a long, happy and healthy life. In Ecuador and Georgia too, the people eat a diet low in calories ['kaebriz], fresh from good soil, and they do not overcook their food. So, the secret of a long life is: “Eat less and live longer.” One thing is still strange. The men live longer than the women in Georgia. What is the reason ['ri:zn] for this difference? The men work less hard than the women and drink more wine... Do you want to live to be a hundred? Here are some rules for success. First, choose your parents and grandparents carefully. If they lived to a good old age, so will you. Secondly, live in the right place. If you were not born in Georgia or Ecuador, there are other healthy places in the world, like East Anglia in Britain. Thirdly, choose the right kind of job. Doctors, dentists and bus drivers die young. Farmers and priests [pri:sts] live much longer. Plenty of people will give you advice how to be a hundred. Some people say, “Think преступление общество опыты калории причина священники многие 27 young and stay young.” An English lady just said, “Take a cold bath every morning.” The shortest, simplest piece of advice came from Mr. Jim Chapman, aged 103. “Just keep breathing,” he told the reporters. But do you really want to be a hundred? What’s wrong with the old saying, “Eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow we die”? 1. Make the right choice according to the text. 1. The home of the Hunzas is in ... a) the Caucasus b) India c) Africa 2. ... of people in the world are a hundred years old or more, a) Dozens b) Thousands c) Hundreds 3. One old man in Azerbaijan said he was 168 because he could not ... a) count b) add up c) read 4. Young people sometimes added years to their age because they did not ... a) know their real age b) want to join the army c) remember the past 5. The three things important for a long and healthy life are fresh air, fresh food and ... a) fresh water b) a simple way of life c) work near the house where people live 6. The Hunzas did not eat much food, and they only ate ... food, a) cooked b) tasty c) fresh 7. Sir Robert McCarrison has a theory that ... leads to a long, happy and healthy life. ж V a) the right diet b) the diet of vegetables and fruit c) the diet^^^*' polished rice and sugar 8. If you want to be a hundred follow these rules for succes^^rst choose your parents and grandparents carefully. Secondl^^live in the right place. Thirdly, ... ' a) choose the right diet b) choose faraway countri^l^fph travelling c) choose the right kind of job 2. Answer the questions. 1. What places of the world are famous fd!r t^e long lives of their people? • \ 2. Where are these places situated? Op #hat continents? 28 3. What is the so-called “truth problem” when you discuss the age of people who are about 100 years old? 4. How does the author of the text explain the fact that people often make mistakes about their true age? 5. What secrets of long lives are mentioned in the text? 6. Which of them doesn’t (don’t) seem serious? 7. What experiment did Sir Robert McCarrison do with rats? What was his theory of long lives? 8. Who lives longer in Georgia, men or women? Does the author of the text explain the fact? How can you explain it? 9. Do you think the rules for success to live a long and happy life are serious? Does the author speak about them with a smile and mild humour? 10. What do you think of the people’s advice how to be a hundred? Have you ever heard any other advice on the subject? What was it? 11. What do you think of different diets? 12. Are there any useful rules in the text? What are they? Is there any useful advice? What is it? 3. Explain why: 1) there is the so-called “truth problem” when you try to test or discover people’s age; 2) rather many people live to a healthy old age; 3) the author says that doctors, dentists and bus drivers usually die young; 4) it is important “to choose” your parents and grandparents carefully; 5) people give different advice when they explain how to live to a hundred; 6) Jim Chapman’s advice is the shortest and simplest; 7) fresh air and fresh food are important to live a long life; 8) a simple way of living is very important too; 9) it is healthier to live near the place where you work; 10) Georgia, the Himalayas and Ecuador are famous for people who live longer than a hundred; 11) it is necessary to protect our environment. 4. Prove that it is healthier: 1) to live in the country or in the mountains than in the city; 2) to lead a simple way of life than to be in many interesting but difficult projects; 29 3) to work near one’s home; 4) to work outdoors in the fields than to sit in a busy office or factory; 5) to take more exercise than to sit all day in factories and offices; 6) not to eat much food; 7) to grow one’s own food in good soil; 8) to live on a diet of fruit and vegetables than on a diet of polished rice and sweets. 5. Comment on some people’s advice for a long and healthy life. 1. Take a cold bath every morning. 2. Think young and stay young. 3. Just keep breathing. 4. Eat less and live longer. 5. Choose the right job and the right place to live. 6. Choose your parents and grandparents carefully. 6. Comment on the old English proverb. “Eat, drink and be merry, for tomorrow we die.” 7. Text 4 logically could be divided into two parts. Give a title to each part. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. Population The word “population” comes from Latin populus, meaning “the people”. It is used to refer to a group of persons in a place or an area which may vary greatly in size — in a village or town, in a region or country, or in the world. We usually think of population in tei^s of size, that is, numbers of people, but we may also be сопсегйВЙ^ with their characteristics such as age and sex, level of education^*4i dccu-pation. O' The population of the world has increased over time. Since 1950 the rate of increase has been especially fast. Figures issued by the United Nations indicate that in the mid-1980s, there were 4,840 million people in the world, and that this has increased to 6,100 million by the year 2001. And by the year 2050 it is likely t8 b^ over 10,000 million. о 30 го The World’s Biggest • The longest river is the Nile River in the Northeast Africa, 4,160 miles. • The highest waterfall is in Venezuela, it’s 3,300 feet high. • The largest continent is Asia, with an area of 43.4 million sq km. • The highest mountain is Mount Everest in India, which is 8848 m (29,028 feet) high. • The greatest ocean depth is 300 km east of the Mariana Islands — 36,220 feet. • The lowest point on the earth is the Dead Sea, Palestine, which is 1,312 feet below sea level. • The biggest flower is the rafflesia, which grows mostly in Malaya. The flower is about eighteen inches across and sometimes as heavy as fifteen pounds. • The longest river in Europe is the Volga. Its length is 3530 km. Home Readina [i©® Read the text and say why Mr. Wonka was the cleverest chocolate maker in the world. на изобретение вкусный MR. WONKA AND THE INDIAN PRINCE After Roald Dahl Mr. Willy Wonka was a famous chocolate maker. He was the cleverest chocolate maker in the world. He put all his heart and energy in inventing more than two hundred new kinds of chocolate bars each far sweeter and more delicious [di'lijssj than anything the other chocolate factories could make. And he used to send them to all the four corners of the earth believing in international cooperation. He sent chocolate bars to all the kings and presidents of the world as well. But it wasn’t only chocolate bars that he made. He had invented a way of making chocolate ice cream so that it could stay cold for hours and hours without being in the refrigerator. You could even leave it lying in the sun all morning on a hot day and it didn’t go runny. Prince Pondicherry was fond of chocolate. He was one of the richest people in the world and had piles of chocolate bars in his country. One day he wrote a letter to Mr. Willy Wonka praising his chocolate bars and sent him his personal invitation to come all the way out to India and build him a huge palace entirely [in'taiali] out of chocolate. And Mr. Wonka did it. What a palace it was! It had one hundred rooms, and everything was тн не таяло vC c 4> только, 'З^сключительно 32 ш у ( of either dark or light chocolate. The windows were chocolate, and all the walls and ceilings were made of chocolate, so were carpets and the pictures and the furniture and the beds; and when you turned on the tans in the bathroom, hot chocolate came out. When it was all finished, Mr. Wonka said to Prince Pondicherry that the palace wouldn’t last long. “You’d better start eating it right away,” he said. “Nonsense!” shouted the prince. “I’m not going to eat my palace. I’m not even going to lick the staircase and the walls. I’m going to live in it! My palace could not be spoiled!” But Mr. Wonka was right, of course, because soon after this, there came a very hot day with a lot of sunshine, and the whole palace began to melt, and the prince, who was sleeping in the bedroom at the time, woke up and found himself swimming around in a huge brown lake of chocolate. It was a real disaster! Prince Pondicherry was shocked but could do nothing. He ordered to clear the mess and decided to краны чепуха лизать 2—Афанасьева, 6 кл. Кн. д/чт. 33 spend some days in the mountains, in his palace made of real bricks and marble and never to speak to Mr. Wonka again. There was one strange thing about Mr. Wonka’s chocolate factory. There were no workers going into that place or coming out. The gates were always closed. But before thousands of people had worked in Mr. Willy Wonka’s factory. Then one day, all of a sudden, Mr. Wonka had to ask every single one of them to leave, to go home, never to come back. He did it because of spies [spaiz]. All the other chocolate makers wanted to know Mr. Wonka’s secrets. They sent spies to his factory. The spies took jobs in the Wonka factory, and while they were in there, each one of them found out exactly how a certain special thing was made. And then they went back to their own factories and told their bosses all the secrets. Soon after that different factories started making ice cream that would never melt, even in the hottest sun. And so on, and so on. And Mr. Wonka tore his beard [bisd] and shouted, “This is terrible! A disaster! I shall be ruined! There are spies everywhere! I shall have to close the factory!” And he did it. He told all the workers that he was sorry, but they would have to go home. Then he shut the main gates. And suddenly, Wonka’s chocolate factory became silent. The chimneys stopped working. From then on, not a single chocolate or sweet was made. Nobody went in or out. Nobody could see Mr. Wonka either. Months and months went by, but still the factory remained closed. And everybody said, “Poor Mr. Wonka. He was so nice. And he made such unusual things. But he’s finished now. It’s all over.” кирпичи/мрамор шпионы борода крепко закрыл С с бсч’авалась 34 заперты Then something strange happened. One day early in the morning, thin columns ['knbmz] of white smoke were seen to be coming out of the tall chimneys of the factory. People in the town stopped and stared [stead]. “What’s going on?” they cried. “Hoorah! The crisis is over! The factory has begun working! Mr. Wonka must be opening up again!” They ran to the gates, expecting to see them wide open and Mr. Wonka standing there to welcome his workers back. But no! The great gates were still locked as ever, and Mr. Wonka was nowhere to be seen. “But the factory is working!” the people shouted. “Listen! You can hear the machines! They’re working again! And you can smell the smell of melting chocolate in the air! The place is full of workers. But nobody’s gone in! The gates are locked. It’s crazv! Nobody ever comes out either!” Since that time the factory has been running for these ten years. What is more, the chocolates and sweets have become more fantastic and delicious. But nobody knows even now who Mr. Wonka is using to do all the work in the factory. That is one of the great mysteries ['mistgrizj of the chocolate-making world. We know only one thing about them. They are very small. Sometimes through the glass windows of the factory people can see small dark shadows ['Jaedouzj moving about. These faint shadows are those of tiny people, people no taller than a man’s knee. Nobody sees Mr. Wonka any more. He never comes out. The only things that come out of that place are chocolates and sweets. 1. Answer “Yes, ...” or “No, ...”. 1. Was Mr. Wonka a clever chocolate maker? 2. Had he invented ice cream that would never melt? таращили глаза невероятный С тех пор фабрика работает вот уже 10 лет тайны тени слаборазличимые/ крошечные 2* 35 3. Was Prince Pondicherry fond of chocolate? 4. Did Prince Pondicherry invite Mr. Wonka to India to celebrate his birthday? 5. The factory has been working for five years after the crisis, hasn’t it? 6. Many people work at the chocolate factory now, don’t they? 7. Nobody can see Mr. Wonka nowadays, can they? 8. Mr. Wonka never comes out, does he? 9. There were no spies at the factory before the crisis, were there? 2. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. Mr. Wonka tore his beard and shouted that he would be ruined. 2. Prince Pondicherry asked Mr. Wonka to build him a chocolate palace. 3. Different chocolate makers sent spies to Mr. Wonka’s factory. 4. The prince woke up swimming in a huge brown lake of chocolate. 5. Mr. Wonka asked his workers to leave. 6. Mr. Wonka built a chocolate palace. 7. The factory has been working for 10 years after the crisis. 8. Tiny people now work at the factory. 9. Nobody can see Mr. Wonka now. 10. Mr. Wonka, a clever chocolate maker, used to send bars of chocolate to different countries. 3. Answer the questions. 1. What was Mr. Wonka’s occupation? 2. What things did he invent? 3. What was Prince Pondicherry fond of? 4. What did Mr. Wonka build for him? * 5. What kind of palace was it? 6. What did Mr. Wonka tell the prince about the chocolate palace after it was finished? 7. Where did the prince find himself one afternoon? 8. What was the strange thing about the factory? 9. What is known about the crisis in the factory? 10. Who do you think has worked at the factory sii crisis? >Q< 4. Explain why: 1) people all over the world knew about Mr. l^o^a’s chocolate factory; 2) the prince didn’t want to eat his choeolate palace; 36 cnoaoii 3) the prince woke up one afternoon swimming in a huge brown lake of chocolate; 4) the prince went to the mountains; 5) Mr. Wonka had to close his factory; 6) some spies took jobs in Mr. Wonka’s chocolate factory; 7) no workers were invited to the factory after its reopening; 8) the only things that came out of the factory were chocolates and sweets. 5. Prove that Mr. Wonka was: 1) an unusual chocolate maker; 2) a rich and clever man; 3) famous all over the world; 4) a mysterious person. 6. Text 5 logically could be divided into two parts. Give a title to each part. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. Greenpeace Greenpeace is an international environmental organization. It was founded in 1969 by a group of Canadian environmentalists. Members of Greenpeace appear in the places where the environment is endangered. They always act fast and bravely. The whole world knows about the Greenpeace actions to stop hunting whales or killing baby seals. They block the way to the ships that try to dump waste, and work hard to create a nuclear-free world. The activity of Greenpeace often annoys governments, companies and people who don’t care about the future of the world. Sometimes Greenpeace activity can be quite dangerous. For example, on July 10, 1985, the Greenpeace ship Rainbow Warrior, that was on its way to French Polynesia to protest against nuclear tests, was destroyed by French agents. It created a serious international accident. Greenpeace has offices in many countries of the world including Russia. People, who can’t take part in Greenpeace actions directly support this organization with money. Greenpeace members are often referred to as “greens”. The “greens” are groups of people whose aim is protection of natural things, e.g. plants and animals. 37 Home Reading Read the fairy tale and prove that Princess Elizabeth was really wise. THE THREE PRINCES Once upon a time in a faraway land, there lived a princess who was as wise as she was beautiful. Princess Elizabeth lived in a wonderful place. On the plain where her palace was situated there were many flowers. Beautiful birds sang in the trees and golden fish swam in the lakes near the palace. People admired the scenery behind the palace — big mountains with white snow on their tops, green meadows at the bottom. Everybody was happy and liked the princess and her father. King George. Princes from all over the world came to ask for the princess’s hand, but the ones she liked best were Prince James, Prince Albert and Prince Charles. Prince James and Prince Albert both were rich but neither good-looking nor attractive. Prince Charles was tall, strong and handsome ['haensom]. His dark eyes melted the princess’s heart the first time she saw him. But he was poor. His birthplace was a small land high in the mountains. The ruler of the land, Prince Charles’s father, was a poor king who had neither great armies nor huge riches. But he was kind and just. His son took after him. No wonder the princess loved him with all her heart. But when she told King George that she would marry Prince Charles her father w 38 4^' After Eric A. Kimmel красивый \ not happy. He wanted a rich and mighty ['maitij husband for his daughter. “Marry any prince you choose,” said King George, “but do not marry Prince Charles.” “In that case,” said Elizabeth, “let each prince ride out into the world, returning in a year’s time with the most wonderful thing he has found. I will marry the prince who will bring me the greatest wonder.” The next morning Prince James, Prince Albert and Prince Charles rode out together. They travelled across highlands and lowlands, they saw beautiful waterfalls and dangerous rivers and at last they came to a narrow valley that lay between high mountains. At the end of the valley there grew the tallest tree they had ever seen. Three roads ran in three different directions fdi'rekjnz]. The princes thought it was a sign fsain] for them to part. “The time has come for us to go our own separate ways,” Prince James said. The rest agreed and they parted with the words, “May we meet again.” Prince James took the road to the right. Prince Albert took the road to the left, and Prince Charles went straight on. After one year’s time they returned to the valley. They were glad to see each other and had many stories to tell of their adventures [gdVentJbzJ. “What great wonders did you find on your travels?” Prince James asked Prince Albert. “I travelled across the Iron f'aion] Mountains,” Prince Albert began his story, “there I found a great wonder.” He opened his bag and took out something in the shape of a ball. “What is so wonderful about that?” Prince James asked. “It’s just an ordinary ['э:Ьпэп] glass ball.” “This is no ordinary ball,” Prince Albert answered. “All that I могущественный направления знак приключения железные обычный 39 have to do is look inside, and it will show me what is happening anywhere in the world. Is that not exciting?” Prince James and Prince Charles agreed that it was. Then Prince James showed what he had found. It was a carpet. An old pirate ['paiarst] had given it to the prince. That was no ordinary carpet as it could take a person anywhere in the world in less time than it takes to tell about it. Prince Charles and Prince Albert agreed that a carpet like that was wonderful. Prince Charles took out an orange out of his pocket and said it was a healing ['hiilip] orange. “I travelled to a small university city. There I met an old professor who gave me the orange. It is not an ordinary orange. If a person is ill this orange can cure him.” Prince James and Prince Albert both said that if it was true, then the orange was wonderful indeed. But they looked as if they didn’t really believe it. Then Prince Charles said, “How is the princess? We have not seen her a year. I hope she is well.” “We can find out,” Prince Albert answered. “My glass ball will show us.” He took out his glass ball, and together they looked inside. They saw a terrible I'teriblJ thing. The princess was lying on her bed, pale as death. Around her stood King George and all the fine ladies and gentlemen of her court [кэ:1] crying sadly. The doctors shook their heads. The princess was dying. “My orange can cure her! I know it can!” Prince Charles cried. “But how can I get to the palace in time?” “Quick! Onto my carpet!” cried Prince James. “It will take us there.” In less time than it takes to tell about it^ the carpet carried them to the princes»*ft пират целебный, лечебный ужасный <: двор О 40 palace. Prince Charles ran to the bed where the dying princess lay and, kneeling f'ni:lip| beside it, divided the healing orange into four pieces. As soon as the first piece passed her lips, her colour returned. The second, and her eyes opened. The third, and she sat up in bed. By the time she finished the last piece she was cured. “A miracle I'miroklj,” cried everybody. “It is a miracle indeed,” said the princess. “These noble princes have given me life. I will marry the prince who was most responsible Iri'spnnsibll for saving me.” “The princess means Prince Charles,” the doctors said. “For it was his orange that cured her.” “True,” King George said. “But the orange had to arrive in time to be of use. Prince James’s carpet is what really saved her.” “But neither the orange nor the carpet would have helped unless the princes knew the princess was dying,” the fine ladies and gentlemen cried. “What really saved her life was Prince Albert’s glass ball.” встав на колени чудо ответственный не помогли бы 41 Everybody looked at the princess. “Which one are you going to marry? Which one truly saved your life?” The princess smiled. “It is impossible to say. No prince alone could have saved me. I am grateful to them all. But I cannot marry them all. Therefore I will marry Prince ... не смог бы спасти меня 1. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. The healing orange cured the princess. 2. The three princes rode out together to look for wonders. 3. Princess Elizabeth was wise and beautiful and lived in a faraway land. 4. After one year’s time the princes returned to the valley. 5. The princes looked inside the glass ball together. 6. King George asked Elizabeth not to marry Prince Charles. 7. The princess was grateful to all the princes. 8. Many princes asked Elizabeth to become their wife. 9. Elizabeth liked Prince Charles most of all. 2. Correct the statements. 1. The princess’s palace stood in the mountains. 2. There was a green meadow in front of the palace. 3. Nobody liked the princess and her father, King George. 4. King George was Elizabeth’s grandfather. 5. Princess Elizabeth wanted to marry Prince James. 6. Prince Albert found the healing orange. 7. King George saved his daughter’s life. 8. The princes saw three roads near the lake. 9. The glass ball showed that the princess was dancing in the palacd^V 10. The healing orange could not help the princess. Answer the questions. 1. Where did Princess Elizabeth live? 2. Which of the princes did the princess like most of\A? 3. What did the princess ask the three princes to do? 4. Where did the princes part? v 5. Where did they meet in a year’s time? 6. What did each prince find? 7. Where did Prince Albert find the glass \all? 8. Where did Prince James find the carpet? 9. Where did Prince Charles get thq healing orange? 42 10. Who in the doctors’ opinion really saved the princess’s life? 11. What was her father’s opinion? 12. What did her fine ladies and gentlemen think about it? 4. Explain why: 1) Princess Elizabeth loved Prince Charles; 2) King George did not want Prince Charles as his daughter’s husband; 3) princes from all over the world came to ask for the princess’s hand; 4) Prince James, Prince Albert and Prince Charles chose different roads when they got to the end of the valley; 5) the glass ball was no ordinary ball; 6) the carpet was a real wonder; 7) the healing orange was really wonderful; 8) the princes got onto the carpet and started for the princess’s palace; 9) the princess said that no prince alone could have saved her life; 10) Prince Albert and Prince James did not believe Prince Charles when he was speaking about the orange. 5. There is no end to Text 6. What do you think it could be? Tell your class who Princess Elizabeth would marry and why. 6. Read the author’s version and say why Princess Elizabeth decided to marry the prince she had chosen. “I will marry Prince Charles,” said the princess. “Prince Charles? Why Prince Charles? Why not Prince Albert or Prince James?” asked everybody. “Don’t you see? Prince Albert still has his glass ball. Prince James still has his carpet. With wonders like these they will have no trouble finding clever and beautiful princesses to marry. But Prince Charles gave his orange to save my life and now he doesn’t have anything ... but his handsome face. I must become his wife.” So it was said and so it was done. Prince James and Prince Albert soon found other princesses to marry. And the princess and Prince Charles, who had won her heart from the very first, lived together in delight and joy till the end of their days. 43 Let Us Widen Our Scope A. Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. Who Sailed Around the World? America was discovered in 1492. It took many years before Ferdinand Magellan, a Portuguese explorer, made the first trip around the world. He sailed from Spain in 1519 and only in 1522 very few of his men returned home. Magellan himself did not live to see his home again. He was killed in 1521 in the Philippine Islands, which he discovered. Nowadays every pupil can find Magellan’s name on the map of the world: the Strait of Magellan connects Europe with the Far East by a western route. That is the route which Magellan was the first to use when he was sailing around the world. Captain James Cook, an Englishman, sailed around the world as often as three times. In 1768 he began his first round the world trip. He rounded Cape Horn from the Atlantic and returned to England in 1770. Two years later he made a trip round Antarctica that lasted three years. In 1778 he explored the northwest coast of America. On his return voyage he was killed by Hawaiian natives in 1779. B. Try your hand at translating. Do the translation of the text “Who Sailed Around the World?” In writing. C. Match the shapes with their names. Look the words up if you need. square [skwea] hexagon ['heksagan] circle ['s3:klj octagon ['oktaganj trapezium [tra'piizjamj rhomb [rom] oval ['auvl] triangle ['tr rectangl Home Reading 4] НИЩИИ Read the text and say why Edward VI was a very good king. THE KING IS CROWNED Many of you know and love books by Mark Twain, the famous American writer. His novels “The Adventures of Tom Sawyer” (1875) and “The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn” (1884) are classical books for children and are still read and enjoyed all over the world. “The Prince and the Pauper ['рэ:рэ]” (1882) was Mark Twain’s first historical novel. Many characters in the book are real people. As you know King Henry VIII died in 1547 at the age of 56. He had been married six times. By his first wife he had a daughter, Mary. By his second wife he had another daughter, Elizabeth (Queen Elizabeth I), and by his third wife he had a son, Edward, who is the “Prince” of this story. Edward VI was king for only six years, 1547— 1553. When he died the throne passed to Mary and then to Elizabeth. In Mark Twain’s story Edward meets a poor boy, Tom Kenty. The boys look like twins [twinzj, so when they exchange [iks'tjeinct5j their clothes Prince Edward is thrown out of the palace and Tom stays in the king’s residence f'rezidans]. Soon King Henry dies and poor Tom prepares to become king of the country, though he doesn’t like this idea at all. At the same time Prince Edward travels about the country, suffers from cold and hunger and thinks about going back to London. When he hears about his father’s death he knows that his time has come. He and his friend Miles Hendon f'mailz близнецы обмениваются 45 'hendan] reach London on the day when the new king is going to be crowned. This is the end of the story about the prince and the pauper. Miles and Edward came to the gate of Westminster Palace, where the procession was to start. All the great lords and ladies of the country were gathering together in Westminster Abbey — the church in which all the monarchs of England are crowned. The ceremony was going to begin in a few minutes. In the Palace of Westminster Tom was ready to put on his fine clothes in which he would go to Westminster Abbey to be crowned. With him were Lord Hertford [’haitfad] and Lord Somerset and other rulers of the land. There was a noise at the gate, shouting and sounds of fighting. Sir Humphrey ['hAmfri] turned to one of his men: “Go and see what is happening.” In a short time the man came back. “There’s a man there — and a boy with him. The man says that he is Miles Hendon, and the boy says that he has a letter for a king. I think he is mad. He says he is the kingl” Tom stepped forward [To:w3d]. “Did you say a boy? — with a letter?” “Yes, Your Majesty ['maecfeisti].” “Don’t touch them. Just ask them to come in here.” So Miles and Edward were led into the room where Tom and all the great men were gathered. As Edward came in through the door, Tom ran and threw himself down on his knees. “Your Majesty!” he cried. “You have come just in time!” What a sight [saitj it was! One of the boys looked so dirty and miserable ['mizarabl] and the other so well dressed and they were standing side by side. “Take hold of that boy!” cried Sir Humphrey, pointing to Edward. “Stop!” cried Lord Hertford. “Look at those two faces. They are so like each other... I don’t know what to think. Perhaps our prince was not mad: perhaps he is not the real prince.” “Is there any question that we could ask the boy which would help us?” said Lord Somerset. Lord Hertford turned to Edward and asked him question after question — about King Henry, about Edward’s mother, about the palace and those who worked in it. Edward answered all the questions but Lord Somerset still did not believe that he was the real prince. Then Tom remembered the letter that Edward had brought. Lord Hertford took the paper and read, “Where is the Great Seal [si:l]?” сделал шаг вперед Ваше Величество зрелище несчастный, жалкий печать 47 Не turned to Tom. “I asked you, Your Majesty, many days ago, but you didn’t tell me.” “I don’t know what the Great Seal is, and I don’t know where it is,” said Tom. “Look inside the arm-piece f'a:m,pi:s] of the suit of armour ['а:тэ] in my room,” reminded [ri'maindidj Edward, “and you’ll find it.” “Oh that!” cried Tom. “That round heavy thing! I—” “What did you do with it?” cried Lord Hertford. “Tell me!” “I used it to crack [krask] nuts.” “He used it to crack nuts!” The great lords and rulers of the land laughed and laughed. So the real Edward was crowned king and he was a very good king because he had been among the people and he had learned how they lived and what they needed. Tom lived in the palace and was the king’s best friend. King Edward did not reign very long. When he died, Tom went and lived in a nice house that he owned with his mother and sisters, and he wrote this story telling how Tom, the pauper, was for a few days King of England and controlled life and politics of the great country. нарукавник доспехи напомнил зд.: колоть политика с 1. Answer the questions. 1. Where did all the great lords and ladies gather that day? 2. What was happening at the gate to Westminster Abbey 3. What was Tom’s order about the people at the gate? 4. In what way were the two boys different? 5. What surprised Lord Hertford when he looked at/the two boys again? 6. Where was the Great Seal? 7. How did Tom use the Great Seal? 8. How long did King Edward VI reign? 9. What kind of king was he? 48 Л 4^ 2. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. There was a noise at the gate. 2. Edward answered all the questions about his family and the palace. 3. Lord Hertford read the letter. 4. All the great lords and ladies of England gathered in Westminster Abbey. 5. Tom ran to Edward and threw himself down on his knees. 6. Tom said what he had done with the Great Seal. 7. Edward said where the Great Seal was. 8. Miles and Edward were led into the room. 3. Explain why: 1) all the great lords and ladies of England gathered in Westminster Abbey; 2) there was a noise at the gate; 3) the man who was sent to find out what was happening at the gate thought that the boy at the gate was mad; 4) Tom was happy to see Edward; 5) Lord Hertford cried “Stop!” when Sir Humphrey asked to take hold of Edward; 6) Lord Hertford asked Edward a lot of questions about his family and the palace; 7) Tom couldn’t answer the question about the Great Seal; 8) Tom was surprised when he understood what the Great Seal was; 9) Edward was crowned king. 4. Say what you think Tom was like. 5. Prove that it is important to know the life of people in the country where you reign. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an Engllsh-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. Struggle for the Throne Elizabeth was 20 when Edward VI died in 1553. As one of the heirs to the throne, she had always been in some danger, for there were different ideas about which of Henry VIII’s children should succeed him. Even during the time when Edward was king, and when she was scarce- 49 ly more than a child, people had tried to draw her into dangerous plots. Now, when her brother died, she was in even greater danger. Mary (Elizabeth’s elder half-sister — Queen Mary) proclaimed herself queen but the Duke of Northumberland placed his son’s wife Lady Jane Grey, the great-granddaughter of Henry VII, on the throne as queen. During these struggles for the throne Elizabeth was wise enough to stay at Hatfield where she pretended to be ill. Mary kept the throne but Elizabeth’s danger was not over. Queen Elizabeth’s Reign Elizabeth I came to the throne in 1558. She had many of her father’s qualities including common sense and strength of character. Like him, she understood the people. She loved hunting and dancing. She travelled a lot round the country. She wanted to know her people and to be known by them. Her soldiers and sailors admired her courage. The universities were surprised at her learning, for she could speak Latin, Greek and several modern languages. She enjoyed a joke. During her reign Queen Elizabeth solved her first problem, the Church. The Anglican Church under Elizabeth followed a middle course. Most people in Britain wan-ted what her father, Henry VIII, had given them: a reformed Catholic Church that used the English language and was free from foreign influence. And they got what they wanted. Elizabeth’s next problem was to keep her enemies quiet until her country enough to defend itself. The greatest came from Spain. In July 1588 the Sp^sh Armada of one hundred and thirty Spanish ships arrived in the Channel. The English ships were faster than the slow Armada. The English guns could shoot farther. After the battle less than half of the proud Armada came back to its home ports. This defeat of Spain was very important for England, though some people said the Spanish Armada was defeated more by bad weather than by English guns. During Queen Elizabeth’s reign England sent its explorers to different lands. They tried to find a quick wajj^o*India round the north Ш Keep ner was strong itest dangel^^' of Russia. As a result they came to Arkhangelsk, were welcomed in Moscow and opened a new trade with Russia. England wanted to trade peacefully with other countries and to find empty lands where it could plant her own colonies. In those years the first Englishman sailed round the world. That was Francis Drake who in 1577 started for South America. He explored the coast of California and made his way across the Pacific and Indian oceans, round Africa, and returned to England in 1580. Queen Elizabeth’s reign was also famous for arts and theatre development. Elizabeth was a good musician herself. English music, especially church music, was then among the best in Europe. Many great men wrote poetry, drama was also famous. William Shakespeare’s plays were written in the years of her reign and are a guide to the life of the period. They not only show to us how men in those times looked, talked and behaved but how they thought and felt. Try your hand at translating and give a good Russian version of the first three paragraphs of the second text. Home Reading Read the text and say why Robert Fitzooth became Robin Hood. ROBIN AND THE FORESTERS A legend After Eleanor Graham Vance who retold the story Long, long time ago, when Henry the Second reigned in England, his country had many troubles. Some rich noblemen lived in their great castles ['ka:slz] and had everything they wanted, but most of the people of the land were poor and very unhappy. Any man could easily become a criminal without wanting to, because the laws were strict and unfair [лпТеэ]. A certain nobleman of the kingdom, William Fitzooth [fits'zu:01, Earl [з:1] of Huntington, did what he could to help the people who lived near him. He and his wife taught their teenager son, Robert, to be kind to everybody. The earl also taught Robert all he knew of archery ['aitjbri], and father and son loved to walk through their forests to hunt. Their neighbour ['neibaj. Lord Lacy, was a good archer ['aitjo] too. He had a pretty daughter, Marian, who was a year or two younger than Robert. The children were for the great friends. But soon sad times came Fitzooths. Earl William had been so generous I'cfeenoras] that by the time his son was 52 замки строгие несправедливые некий вельможа граф искусство из лука сосед стрелок иа 'У V едрыи fourteen, he had given away most of the money to help his poor neighbours. Then some wicked lords who hated Earl William seized his lands, and threw him into prison I'prizn]. His wife died of grief a few weeks later, and when her husband heard this sad news in prison he, too, fell ill and died. Lord Lacy took Robert to live in his castle, and Marian did her best to cheer |tji9| the boy up. But Robert could not forget his parents. Also, he wished to find some way to earn his living. When he was fifteen, he asked if he could go by himself to the famous Nottingham ['iiDtipam] Fair [fea] where archers came from many miles around to try their skill. He knew that the Sheriff fjerif] of Nottingham would give the best archers places among the King’s Foresters. “But if you become a forester, you will have to leave us!” cried Marian. “Yes,” said Robert, “but I can’t live on your family’s kindness forever. I must find some way to earn my living. And I can think of nothing better than serving the King.” Marian did not want to lose her friend, but her father understood the boy’s feelings and allowed him to go to the Fair. So on a fine spring morning Robert took his good bow [bsuj and arrows ['sersuzj and set out on foot for Nottingham. He was pleased that the way lay through Sherwood CJsiwudJ Forest, for he loved the woods. As he walked along he sang a merry song that sounded exactly like the springtime songs of the birds. Suddenly he heard men’s voices and laughter. Rob turned aside from the path тюрьма подбодрить ярмарка мастерство лук/стрелы 53 and saw a group of fifteen men gathered around a fire. “The King’s Foresters!” said Rob to himself. “Maybe I’ll be one of them soon.” The men noticed the boy too. “Well, youngster f'jApsta]!” called one of the men rudely. “Where are you going?” “To Nottingham Fair,” said Rob pleasantly enough, though he saw that the Forester was making fun of him. “I want to try my skill, and then, perhaps I, too, may be the King’s Forester.” “You a Forester of the King!” laughed one man. “You are nothing but a boy.” “Are you big enough to raise the bow?” said another. 54 i\ юнец c о насмехал^^^дд ним \ Rob wanted to prove himself and cried out at the top of his voice, “Choose me a mark! Choose me a mark, and I’ll hit it!” “Choose your own mark,” shouted the leader of the men in green. “But I’ll bet twenty nieces of silver that you won’t hit it.” “Done!” cried Robert, and he looked around. Through the trees he saw some deer [dia]. “I’ll shoot the heart of the big deer,” said Rob. “Shoot away,” said the Forester, “but your arrow won’t touch the heart.” Robert said nothing. He looked at the deer for a while, and let the arrow go. The deer fell to the ground. Rob expected the men to praise him as he had just won the bet. But to his surprise they were looking at him angrily. The leader stepped forward. “You have killed a deer in King Henry’s forest. You have broken the law. Now you are a thief. Go away before we take you to the Sheriff to cut off your ears!” Rob started to protest, then saw that it was useless. He turned back to the forest path when suddenly an arrow flew past his ear. The leader of the Foresters had shot at him! Fortunately his arrow missed Rob’s head. Before another man could shoot at him, Rob let fly his arrow, and the Head Forester fell to the ground. Rob ran like a deer through the forest. He ran and ran until he put a safe distance between himself and the Foresters. He threw himself on the ground and began to think of the great change in his life. “A criminal!” he thought in horror f'hnro]. “Now I am a criminal! If I go to Nottingham now, they will cut off my ears. I shall have цель бьюсь об заклад на 20 монет олени пари сделал шаг вперед в ужасе 55 to stay here in Sherwood Forest where I can hide. What a stupid thing I have done!” As the days went by, he found there were others like himself in the forest — men who had become criminals by killing a deer for their hungry families. They soon took Robert into their band and gave him a new name — Robin Hood. After a while the people of Sherwood Forest made Robin their leader. By the time Robin was twenty he had more than a hundred good bowmen [Ьзитэп] in his company. отряд, шайка, банда лучники 1. Say “True”, “False” or “I don’t know”. 1. William Fitzooth was proud of the laws of his country. 2. After Earl William’s death Lord Lacy took Robert to live in his castle. 3. Robert wanted to go to Nottingham to take part in the famous festival. 4. Robert wanted to become a forester. 5. Robert set out for Nottingham on a fine summer morning. 6. Robert was afraid to walk through Sherwood Forest. 7. The King’s Foresters were nice to Robert. 8. Robert shot a king’s deer because he was hungry. 9. The King’s Foresters got angry because Robert had killed a deer in King Henry’s forest. 10. Robert didn’t want the Sheriff to cut off his ears. 11. By the time Robert was twenty he had a hundred good bowmen in his company. 2. Answer the questions. 1. What was life like when Henry the Second reigned Engla 2. What did Robert and his father like to do? 3. What happened to Earl William and his wife? 4. Where did Robert live after his parents’ death? 5. What job did Robert want to get? 6. Where did Robert meet some of the King’s F 7. What were they doing? 8. What did Robert tell them about himself?\^ 9. The Foresters believed Robert, didn’t they? 10. Who shot at Robert? • 56 ^ a c rs, 3. Explain why: 1) any man could easily become a criminal when Henry the Second reigned the country; 2) William Fitzooth had spent most of his money; 3) Robert’s father died in prison; 4) Lord Lacy took Robert to live in his castle; 5) Robert wanted to earn his living; 6) Marian did not want Robert to become a forester; 7) Robert decided to go to the famous Nottingham Fair; 8) Robert was pleased that his way lay through Sherwood Forest; 9) the King’s Foresters laughed at Robert; 10) the Head Forester said that Robert had become a thief; 11) Robert shot at the Head Forester. 4. Prove that: 1) King Henry the Second was a bad ruler; 2) William Fitzooth was a kind man; 3) Robert was a proud young man; 4) Robert was a brave young man; 5) Marian liked Robert very much; 6) the King’s Foresters were not good men. 5. Say what you have learned of Robin Hood from the text and tell the class the story of his life. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. Elizabethan Theatre In Shakespeare’s times rich people (noblemen) employed companies of actors. There were no actresses, young women’s parts were played by boys and older women’s parts were played by the company’s clowns. All the actors were at the same time musicians and dancers. Actors first began performing to the public in inn yards. They made a stage on carts, then one of the actors blew the trumpet and the title of the play was announced in a loud voice. As soon as enough people were gathered around the stage, the play began. The first permanent theatre was built by James Burbage. It was simply called the Theatre. Burbage’s son Richard became the country’s I 57 leading actor who played a lot of parts in Shakespeare’s plays. The names of some other theatres were the Curtain, Rose, Swan, Globe, Fortune and Hope. The Elizabethan theatre usually was a round building with the stage in the centre open to the sky. The common people stood in front of the stage. The rich sat in the galleries circling the stage. Musicians could also be placed in the galleries. The stage was a large platform. There was a room under the stage. A trap door from this room, called “cellar” (or “Hell”), gave access to the stage. It could be used, for example, for a ghost coming from the underworld. Part of the stage was covered by a roof, called “The Heavens” because from there gods or angels could be lowered onto the stage. If the weather was too bad, there was no performance. The English Renaissance Theatre declined after the death of Shakespeare. 4^ ^Iso wrote critics think Sonnets by W. Shakespeare William Shakespeare was not only a writer of plays, some of very good poetry, especially the sonnets. Some that Shakespeare’s sonnets are autobiographical. A sonnet is a fourteen-line poem. Sonnets are marked by Roman figures. Make sure that you remember them. Everybody knows the first ten figures (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, №. X). These are more dif- ficult ones: XX — 20, XXX — 30, XL — 40, L — 50, LX — 60 LXX — 70, LXXX — 80, XC — 90, C — 100. Here is an example of a sonnet written by W. Shakespeare. Read it and: a) say what the number of the sonnet you have read is; b) compare the English version with the two translations into Russian given below. CIV To me, fair friend, you never can be old. For as you were when first your eye I ey’d. Such seems your beauty still. Three winters cold Have from the forests shook three summers’ pride; Three beauteous springs to yellow autumn turn’d In process of the seasons have I seen; Three April perfumes in three hot Junes burn’d. Since first I saw you fresh, which yet are green. Ahl yet doth beauty, like a dial-hand Steal from his figure, and no pace perceiv’d; So your sweet hue, which methinks still doth stand. Hath motion and mine eye may be deceiv’d: For fear of which, hear this, thou age unbred, — Ere you were born was beauty’s summer dead. These are two translations of this sonnet. Say which of them you like most and learn it by heart. CIV Нет, для меня стареть не можешь ты. Каким увидел я тебя впервые. Такой ты и теперь. Пусть три зимы С лесов стряхнули листья золотые, Цветы весны сгубил три раза зной. Обвеянный её благоуханьем. Пронизанный зелёным ликованьем. Как в первый день стоишь ты предо мной. Но как на башне стрелка часовая Незримо подвигает день к концу. Краса твоя, по-прежнему живая. Незримо сходит в бездну по лицу. Так знайте же, грядущие творенья, — Краса прошла до вашего рожденья. Н. В. Герделъ (конец XIX в.) 59 CIV He нахожу я времени примет В твоих чертах. С тех пор, когда впервые Тебя я встретил, три зимы седые Трёх пышных лет запорошили след. Три нежные весны сменили цвет На сочный плод и листья огневые, И трижды лес был осенью раздет, А над тобой не властвуют стихии. На циферблате, указав нам час. Покинув цифру, стрелка золотая Чуть движется невидимо для глаз — Так на тебе я лет не замечаю. И если уж закат необходим. Он был перед рождением твоим. С. Я. Маршак л с а О Home ffeadinq [to® 9 менестрель, поэт арфа прекрасная Read the text and say why Robin Hood decided to help Alan>a-Dale. WEDDING IN THE FOREST One morning Robin Hood’s men noticed a young man in smart clothes walking through the forest. The young man looked very sad and carried with him a minstrel’s ['minstrslz] harp [ha:p], but he played no music. They stopped the young man and took him to Robin Hood. “Why are you so sad, young man?” the forest leader asked. “Yesterday I was happy,” said the stranger. “I was to marry fair [fes] Ellen. But her father who is in trade owes money to the Sheriff I'JenfJ of Nottingham I'nntiipm], and the Sheriff wants Ellen to marry someone rich so he will surely get his money. The Sheriff and her father have found for her a rich old knight [nait], and my heart is broken”. “If the maiden ['meidn| loves you, why don’t you fight for her?” asked Robin. “She loves me with all her heart. Here is the ring I have kept for seven years to give her on our wedding dav as a symbol of my love and devotion. But the knight she is to marry is too old for me to fight. He is even older than Ellen’s father. He had one foot in the grave.” “Then we must help you,” Robin decided. “What is your name?” “Alan-a-Dale.” “And can you make music on that harp?” рыцарь девушка (устар.) день свадьбы 61 “That I can, but right now my heart is too heavy, and I can’t concentrate on anything else but Ellen’s wedding,” answered Alan. “What will you give me if I help you to marry your true love?” “I have no money,” said Alan, “but I will be your devoted servant if Ellen can be my wife.” “A minstrel to sing songs of the brave adventures [ad'ventjoz] of my merry men is just what we need,” said Robin. Ellen’s wedding to the old knight was to take place that very day at a church about five miles away. Quickly and carefully Robin told the men his plan. Then he borrowed Alan’s harp and hurried to the church. There he found the bishop ['bijsp], told him that he was a minstrel and was allowed to play at the wedding. Soon they saw a picturesque procession on horseback coming near the church. First came the knight so old and weak that he could hardly sit on his horse. Then came his men smartly dressed in new and shining clothes. Then, riding at her father’s side, came a beautiful young girl. And what a striking contrast she was to the old knight! There were tears [ti9z] in her blue eyes, but she didn’t hang her head modestly, she held her head high and looked straight before her. The party stopped opposite the church in the middle of the busy square. “Why don’t we start the music?” asked the bishop turning to Robin. “That I will,” said Robin, but instead of playing the harp, he pulled fpuld] out his horn and blew three times. Immediately, twenty-four archers ['ahjazj, headed by Alan-a-Dale, came running up. Alan handed Robin his bow^^ ^ приключения епископ слезы скромно вытащил / рог С о I елки из лука 62 At the sight of Alan, the fair Ellen had got rosy red and then became very pale. The rest of the company stood silent, waiting to see what was going to happen. Even the bishop was so struck that he couldn’t speak, and Robin’s voice rang loud and clear as he turned to speak to Ellen. “Here is Alan-a-Dale, your true love,” he said, “and I am here with these good men of mine to make sure that you and he are married.” All people who had come to see the wedding entered the church. Only the old knight and his men and Ellen’s father stood outside. And Robin’s men watched over them. Friar [Trai9] Tuck read the service. Everybody understood what a great moment it was. When the wedding was over, the whole party went happily back to Sherwood Forest. That night the forest heard sweet music as the band gathered around the fire after the wedding meal to sing and to listen to Alan-a-Dale’s harp. Alan had much to tell them about what was going on in the world outside Sherwood Forest. Most of the men did not even know that King Henry had died and had been buried. “When good Richard the Lionheart became king,” said Alan, “we thought that all would go better for our people. But now he is away, and things are worse than ever. Prince John, his wicked brother, is ruling in Richard’s place, and people say he wants to get his brother’s throne. He loves only money and power.” “May the Lionheart return auicklv.” said Robin. “He is a good king. I think he will forgive us when he knows that we are loyal to him and have tried to help his suffering people.” при виде чтобы удостовериться, чтобы убедиться Пусть Львиное Сердце возвращается поскорее 63 Не said no more for he did not want to bring a sad note into the wedding celebration, but his heart ached for all the good people of the land. 1. Answer the questions. 1. Who was brought to Robin Hood one morning? 2. What did Alan-a-Dale tell Robin Hood about his life? 3. What musical instrument could Alan-a-Dale play? 4. What could Alan-a-Dale give Robin Hood for his help? 5. Where was Ellen’s wedding to take place? 6. What procession did Robin see near the church? 7. What did Robin do when the bishop asked him to start the music? 8. Who read the service at Ellen’s wedding? 9. What did Alan-a-Dale tell the band after the wedding when they gathered around the fire? 10. What did Robin Hood think of Richard the Lio, 9fl? c? 1 urch. 2. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. Robin borrowed Alan’s harp and hurried to the 2. Friar Tuck read the service. 3. Robin Hood’s men noticed a young man^in the forest. 64 4. Robin’s heart ached for all the good people of the land. 5. Robin Hood decided to help Alan-a-Dale. 6. After the wedding the whole party went to Sherwood Forest. 7. A picturesque procession came to the church. 8. Robin said Richard the Lionheart was a good king. 9. Alan-a-Dale told Robin Hood the story of his life. 10. Robin pulled out his horn and blew three times. 3. Explain why: 1) Alan-a-Dale was sad when he came to Robin Hood; 2) Ellen’s father found a rich old knight for her as a husband; 3) Alan-a-Dale didn’t fight for the maiden he loved; 4) Robin borrowed Alan’s harp; 5) there were tears in Ellen’s eyes when she was riding to the church; 6) Robin pulled out his horn and blew three times; 7) Ellen became rosy red and then pale at the sight of Alan; 8) Robin’s men watched over Ellen’s father and the old knight during the wedding; 9) Robin’s men knew little about what was going on in the world; 10) in Alan’s opinion things were worse than ever in England. 4. Add more details to these. 1. Alan-a-Dale was a sad young man. 2. Ellen’s father did not want her to marry Alan. 3. Robin thought of a clever plan to help Alan. 4. Ellen and Alan got married. 5. After the wedding Robin’s men listened to Alan’s harp and to his stories. 6. Robin’s men did not like the way England was ruled. 5. Prove that: 1) Robin was a fair and clever man; 2) Robin and his men were brave people; 3) Alan-a-Dale was a real knight; 4) Ellen was a good daughter; 5) Ellen’s father understood his daughter’s happiness in his own way; 6) Alan-a-Dale could play the harp, sing songs and tell stories very well; 7) Prince John was a wicked ruler. 3—Афанасьева, 6 кл. Кн. д/чт. 65 Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. FACTS ABOUT SCOTLAND Do You Know That... The name “tattoo” has an interesting origin. Traditionally the soldiers were told to return to the living quarters each night by a beat of the drum which sounded like “tat-too”. The word “clan” means “family” and the great clans of the 16th and 17th centuries were really like big families, ruled by powerful chiefs. Sometimes there were battles between different clans but nowadays the McDonalds, the McKenzies and the Campbells all live in peace with each other. Many people in Scotland have the name McDonald or McKenzie. “Mac” means “son of” and people with this name usually feel they belong to the same family or clan. Common boys’ names are Angus, Donald or Duncan, and girls’ names are Morag, Fiona or Jean. The national dress of Scots is the kilt, which was originally worn by men. It is a skirt with a lot of folds. The wearing of tartans (coloured checks) is traditional in Scotland. Originally, the tartan was worn as a long piece of cloth thrown over the shoulders. At the beginning of the 18th century the kilt became popular. 25th January is celebrated by Scotsmen all over the world, as it is the birthday of Robert Burns. The festival is called Burns Night. During the festival pipe music is played, traditional dress is worn and a traditional Scottish meal is eaten. People also recite poems by their favourite poet. Many Scottish people still use some Scottish words when they speak English. For example, “wee” means small as in “wee laddie” — small boy. A “bonnie lass” is a pretty girl and a “bairn” is a young child. If someone answers your questions with “aye” [ai]. they are agreeing with you, because “aye” means yes. \ ' The Scottish musical instrument is the nines or bagpipes. 66 4^' There are still old people in faraway corners of Scotland who speak Gaelic.^ Scotland has four old universities: St Andrew’s, Glasgow, Aberdeen Edinburgh and four modern ones. In the 18th century the river Clyde flowing in the centre of Glasgow was only a foot wide but rich with salmon. The Scottish race is supposed to be the tallest race in the world. Golf is Scotland’s national sport. Climate and Wildlife in Scotland The climate of Scotland is mild and wet in the west and a little colder and less wet in the east. The warm Atlantic currents keep the western coast mild in the winter. The Highlands have heavy snowfalls. Besides the common British trees such as oak, ash, and elm, the mild wet weather, especially in the west, suits conifers (cone-bearing trees) such as larch and spruce. Silver birches grow in the Highlands, while in the drier east grows the Scots pine. In the Highlands are red deer, and the wild cat and pine marten, two of the rarest animals in Great Britain. Many seals are found on the coasts. Reindeer from Sweden have been introduced into the Cairngorms. Occasionally a golden eagle can be seen soaring over mountain peaks, and the ptarmigan, a bird that turns white in winter, also lives in this mountainous country. Blackcock and grouse live among the heather on the moors and there are great colonies of seabirds on the rocky islands. * Gaelic ['geilik] — гаэльский язык (так называется любой из языков кельтской группы, на которых говорят немногие жители Шотландии и Ирландии) 3* Home Reodinq to® Read the text and say why Robin’s men changed their colours when they went to the shooting match. состязание no стрельбе из лука Его беспокоило мошенничество THE GOLDEN ARROW The Sheriff of Nottingham heard that Robin had ruined Ellen’s wedding to the old knight and was so angry that he journeyed отправился ['d53:nid] to London to ask Prince John for help. “Why, what do you expect me to do?” asked the Prince. “Aren’t you the Sheriff? You have got to do your job yourself, and do it quickly, or I may need a new sheriff.” The Sheriff did not argue but went back to Nottingham, angrier than ever. He was worried by what Prince John had said. As he was not a brave man, his thoughts soon turned to trickery f'triksn]. He decided to have a shooting match and hoped that Robin Hood and his men would appear there to try their luck. “That’s it!” he thought. “I’ll tell my people to make a beautiful silver-and-gold arrow ['аегэи]. The best archer shall carry away the prize. This news will surely bring Robin and his men here.” He was right: when the news of the golden arrow travelled to Sherwood, Robin decided to enter the competition. But a brave young man, David of Doncaster fdookosta], came up to Robin and said, “Master, listen to me. I have heard that this is only a trick of the Sheriff. There will be a lot of his peo- ' стрела 4> оделка, обман 68 pie at the match and we won’t be able to rescue you. I don’t think you should go.” “You have done well to keep your ears open,” said Robin, “but I still want to try my skill in the Sheriff’s match.” Then up spoke Little John, Robin’s great friend and helper. “I have a plan. We can all go to the match and none of us will be injured or hurt. Let’s do this: we’ll leave our green suits here in the forest. One of us shall wear white, another red, another yellow, another blue. They will be expecting to see us in green, and they’ll never guess who we are.” And so, dressed in many colours Robin Hood and his men took their secret path leading out of the forest, crossed a wide stream and mixed with the holiday crowd going to Nottingham. The Sheriff was really looking for people in green suits that Robin’s men always wore, so he was very disappointed [,dis9'pointidJ and angry. “I thought Robin Hood would be here,” he said. “He may be brave, but he is not brave enough to come to Nottingham.” When Robin heard the Sheriff say these words, his blood boiled [boild]. He wanted to let the fat Sheriff know that he was there. In his bright red clothes, he made a handsome picture, but since he had changed the colour of his hair and darkened his face with walnut ['wo:lnAt] juice, no one knew him. As the archery ['adjari] went on, voices rose out of the crowd, cheering this favourite or that. “Blue jacket!” cried one. “Brown,” cried another; while a third shouted, “Brave Yellow!” Yet another man said, “No, it’s Red! That man in red has no equal ['i:kw9l] here today!” разочарован вскипела грецкий орех состязание в стрельбе из лука равный ^ 69 And Robin, fine shot that he was, was better than all the rest, and carried off the golden arrow to Sherwood. There his men gathered round to look at the prize and to tell one another of the day’s adventures. “Only one thing troubles me,” said Robin. “I should love to have the Sheriff know that I am the one who got this arrow.” “And he shall know. Let it serve as a good lesson to him,” cried Little John. “Write a brief note, and I’ll see that he gets it!” A shout of approval [o'pruivl] went up from the band. And that was how it happened. The Sheriff was seated at his dinner table that night, drinking wine and boasting that Robin Hood was afraid to show his face in Nottingham. Suddenly, through the window, flew an arrow. It came to rest in the big fat goose the Sheriff was just going to cut. The Sheriff got white with fear [fio], and stood there shaking. —^ будучи отличным стрелком одобрение с трах 70 “It has a message I'mesi^],” cried one of the guests. “Take it and read.” With shaking hands the Sheriff took the message and read, “It was I, Robin Hood, who won the golden arrow.” Then the Sheriff understood that once again Robin had outwitted [.aut'witid] him. записка перехитрил 1. Answer the questions. 1. Where did the Sheriff go when he heard that Robin had ruined Ellen’s wedding? 2. What did Prince John answer the Sheriff when he asked for help? 3. What arrow did the Sheriff ask to prepare as a prize? 4. What was Robin’s idea about the shooting match? 5. What did David of Doncaster hear about the match? 6. What was Little John’s plan? 7. What made the Sheriff disappointed and angry when he arrived at the match? 8. How did Robin’s men get to the shooting match? 9. Who carried off the golden arrow? 10. How did the Sheriff find out that it was Robin Hood who had won the prize? 2. Say “True”, “False” or “I don’t know”. 1. Prince John hated Robin Hood. 2. Prince John did not agree to help the Sheriff. 3. The Sheriff wanted to punish Robin Hood because he had ruined Ellen’s wedding. 4. Little John had a plan how to get to the shooting match and not to be injured. 5. The Sheriff was looking for men in green. 6. Robin Hood was wearing white at the match. 7. Robin Hood was not brave enough to come to Nottingham. 8. Robin Hood wanted the Sheriff to know that he had won the prize. 9. When the arrow with Robin’s note flew into the room, the Sheriff was drinking tea. 10. The Sheriff’s guests asked him to take the note and read the message. 71 3. Explain why: 1) the Sheriff of Nottingham was angry; 2) the Sheriff went to London; 3) the Sheriff of Nottingham turned to trickery; 4) the Sheriff asked his men to make a silver-and-gold arrow as a prize for the shooting match; 5) David of Doncaster did not want Robin Hood to go to Nottingham; 6) Little John didn’t want his friends to wear green at the match; 7) the Sheriff was sure Robin Hood and his men had not come to the match; 8) Robin Hood wanted the Sheriff to know who had won the prize; 9) a shout of approval went up from the band when Little John said the Sheriff would know who had won the prize; 10) the Sheriff got white with fear when an arrow flew into the room. 4. Prove that: 1) the Sheriff of Nottingham was neither brave nor clever; 2) Robin Hood was a good archer; 3) Little John was wise and clever; 4) Robin’s men thought much of their leader; 5) Robin Hood’s men were all very good at archery. 5. Imagine you are one of Robin’s men. Tell your friends of the shooting day’s adventures. 72 Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictiona Tell your class about the new things th you have learned from the text. Щ The History of Wale The Celts who had first h^ved in Wales in the 6th and 7th centyrl^^C were defeated by the Romans in ^3^^». The Romans also killed large numbers, or Druids, the Celtic religious leaders. TRese Druids could not read 4^ or write, but they memorized all the things about the laws, history, medicine necessary for the Celts. The Saxons pushed the Welsh further and further towards the west until, in the 8th century, a Saxon king called Offa built a long ditch to keep them out of England. Then came the Normans who built huge castles to protect themselves from attacks from the west. The Welsh fought for many years to win back their freedom. The Welsh king, Llywelyn flu:'elinl the Great, tried to unite his people against the English, but his grandson, Llywelyn the Last, was finally defeated in 1282. The English built great castles at Harlech ['ha:Iek] and Caernarfon [кэ'па:Гэп|, and in 1301 Edward I of England made his eldest son Prince of Wales. This tradition has been kept until the present day and in 1969 such a ceremony took place again. The Queen made her eldest son, Charles, Prince of Wales at Caernarfon castle. Try your hand at translating and give a good Russian version of the text “The History of Wales”. Home Readtno DO; Read the text and explain why Dorothy and her dog couldn’t get to the storm cellar ['seb] together with the girl’s relatives. погреб A WONDERFUL JOURNEY “The Wizard ['wizadj of Oz” is one of the most popular children’s books in the world. Russian children know it well under the name “Volshebnik Izumrudnogo Goroda” (“The Wizard of Emerald ['emaraldj City”) retold by A. Volkov. The original book was written by L. Frank Baum |Ьэ:т] who was born in Chitenango, New York, in 1856. He worked mostly as a journalist in the West and began writing children’s stories to earn more money for his growing family. He wrote “The Wizard of Oz” in 1900 and the book was a big success. Baum went on to write thirteen more tales of the Land of Oz. Dorothy lived on a farm in the middle of wildlands in Kansas I'kasnzas] with her Aunt Em and Uncle Henry. Dorothy had neither parents nor grandparents. All three lived in a one-room farmhouse. As far as eyes could see there was nothing around the house but endless Kansas prairie ['prearij, which is a kind of grassland that can be almost as dry as a desert in summer. In the floor of the tiny house was a trapdoor [’traepdo:]. It led to a deep, dark hole in the ground. This hole was their storm cellar. Mighty storms can come up suddenly on the flat Kansas prairie. These storms are\ called tornadoes [to:'neid9uzJ. The strong winds of a tornado can ruin anythin 74 JC< 4^ волшебник изумрудный Канзас люк торнадо (ураган) С their path. So when a tornado began, the family hid in the storm cellar for safety. Uncle Henry and Aunt Em worked hard from dawn to dark. Their lives were as sad and grey as the Kansas prairie. Dorothy’s life was much brighter because she had Toto. Toto was a little black dog with a funny nose and shiny eyes. He made Dorothy laugh and they played together all day long. Today, though, Dorothy and Toto were not playing. They were on the porch with Uncle Henry as he studied the sky. To the north the clouds were growing and turning black. Suddenly Uncle Henry stood up. “There’s a tornado rising, Em!” he called out to his wife. “Quick, Dorothy!” cried Aunt Em. “To the storm cellar!” Toto was frightened [Traitnd]. He ran and hid under Dorothy’s bed. Dorothy ran to catch him while Aunt Em and Uncle Henry climbed down into the cellar. At last. рассвет крыльцо напуган 75 Dorothy had Toto in her arms. But before she could get to the cellar, the storm struck. The wind shook the house so hard that Dorothy fell on the floor. And then something very strange happened. First the little house turned around three times. Then it began to rise up in the air. Up, up to the top of the storm the little house flew and then across the prairie, over the mountain chains, rivers and lakes further and further. It was very, very dark inside the house. The wind howled fhauld] loudly. Toto was frightened and he ran around the room barking. But Dorothy just sat still, waiting to see what would happen. Then all of a sudden the house landed. Dorothy jumped up and ran to open the door. And what a wonderful land she saw stretching in front of her! The tornado had carried the house to a strange and beautiful land. There were flowers everywhere, a mixture of bright colours. Huge trees hung heavy with fruit lined the shore of a small picturesque lake. Wonderfully coloured birds flew from branch to branch. What a sight for a little girl from the flat, grey plains of Kansas! What an attraction! As Dorothy stood in the doorway, three men and an old woman came up to her. They were no taller than children. But they were grown-ups all the same. The old woman, dressed all in white, was the first to speak: “Welcome to the land of the Munchkins ['mAntJkinz],” she said. “We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East.” “But there must be some mistake,” answered Dorothy. “I’m from Kansas. I’ve never killed anything in my life!” “But look, my dear,” said the old woman. She showed Dorothy two feet sticking out from under a corner of the house. цепи завывал с лаем Жевуны 76 “Oh, my!” said Dorothy. “What shall we do now?” “Why, nothing,” replied the old woman. “She was a very wicked witch. The Munchkins are very glad to get rid of her at last.” “Are you a Munchkin?” Dorothy asked. “No, my dear,” said the old woman. “These are Munchkins.” She nodded at the three men at her side. “I am the Witch of the North,” she said. “A witch?” said Dorothy, taking a big step backwards f'bsekwgdz]. “Are you really a witch?” “Yes. But I am a good witch,” said the woman. “You see, there are four witches here in the Land of Oz. The Witches of the East and West are wicked. But the Witches of the North and South are good. Now, thanks to you, there is only one wicked witch left.” The Good Witch of the North gave Dorothy her red rubv shoes. “These belong to you now,” she said. “They have great power in them. And they will bring you good luck.” “But how do I get home to Kansas?” Dorothy asked the Witch. “I miss my Aunt Em and Uncle Henry.” Tears began to roll [mul] down her cheeks. Soon the kind-hearted Munchkins were crying too. “You must go to the Emerald City,” said the Good Witch of the North. “That’s the home of the Wizard of Oz. Perhaps he can help you.” ответила избавиться назад рубиновый катиться 1 • Remember who in the story said it. 1. “There’s a tornado rising, Em!” 2. “Quick, ... . To the storm cellar!” 3. “Welcome to the land of the Munchkins.” 77 4. “I’ve never killed anything in my life!” 5. “She was a very wicked witch! The Munchkins are very glad to get rid of her at last.” 6. “The Witches of the East and West are wicked.” 7. “These belong to you now. They have great power in them. And they will bring you good luck.” 8. “That’s the home of the Wizard of Oz. Perhaps he can help you.” 2. Say who or what in the story: 1) lived on a farm in the middle of wildlands; 2) led to a deep, dark hole in the ground; 3) can ruin anything in their path; 4) hid in the storm cellar for safety; 5) made Dorothy laugh; 6) were growing and turning black; 7) was frightened, ran and hid under the bed; 8) turned around three times; 9) howled very loudly; 10) flew from branch to branch. 3. Explain why: 1) Dorothy lived with her aunt and uncle; 2) Dorothy, her aunt and uncle had to hide in the storm cellar; 3) the cellar in Dorothy’s house was called a “storm cellar”; 4) Dorothy’s life was much brighter than the life of her relatives; 5) Toto hid under Dorothy’s bed; 6) the Munchkins were glad to get rid of the Witch of the East; 7) Dorothy took a big step backwards when she heard that the old woman was a witch; 8) the Witch of the North was dressed in white; 9) the Good Witch of the North gave Dorothy her red rub^^l!^?s; 10) the Witch of the North advised Dorothy to go to th^^Bamrald City. 4. Prove that: 1) tornadoes are very dangerous storms; t\!r 2) Aunt Em and Uncle Henry’s life was not vCT^^nteresting; 3) Dorothy’s family was ready for the coming storm; 4) the land where the tornado had brought Dorothy was beautiful; 5) the Witch of the North was really a good witch. 78 5. Speak about Dorothy’s adventure on the part of: a) Dorothy b) Toto Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. Some Glimpses of American History Every year on July 4th, Americans celebrate a national holiday called Independence Day. It is also called the Fourth of July. On this day, Americans celebrate the birthday of the United States, because on July 4, 1776 the thirteen colonies declared their independence. That was the beginning of the Revolutionary War which the colonies won in 1783 and became free and independent states, the United States of America. In the 1800’s the United States expanded to the Pacific Ocean. Americans wanted more land for homes and farms. They wanted to use the Mississippi River to transport their farm products. After the Revolutionary War, the western border of the United States was the Mississippi River. Then the United States bought the Louisiana area from France and Florida from Spain. Texas and California became part of the United States after wars with Mexico. The United States got the Oregon country after it signed an agreement with England. Russia sold Alaska to the United States and later Hawaii became a territory of the United States. Alaska and Hawaii are the 49th and 50th states of the Union. 79 One of the most tragic pages in the history of the young country was the Civil War (fought from 1861 to 1865). That was a war between the states in the North and the South. The Northern states were called the Confederacy. One main cause of the Civil War was slavery. Slaves were African people who were brought to the United States. They didn’t have any rights and freedoms. They were bought and sold like animals. The Southern states said they needed slaves to work on the farms. The Northern states wanted to end the system of slavery. Another cause of the Civil War was economics. The North had many new factories but the South had many big farms called plantations. The North and the South could not agree about taxes. In 1865 the North won the war. Try your hand at translating and give a good Russian version of the text “Some Glimpses of American History”. Л 4^ < Home fteoding IL©® Read the text and explain why the Guard asked Dorothy and her friends to put on green glasses. THE GREAT WIZARD On her way to the Emerald City Dorothy made friends with the Scarecrow ['зкеэкгэи] who wanted to get some brains, the Tin Man who wanted to get a loving heart and the Lion who needed courage. All together they went to the Emerald City to ask the Wizard of Oz to help them. The yellow brick road ran on and on. Along the road there stood trees with huge trunks and there were farms along it. There were a lot of little green houses all over the countryside. And there was a bright green glow in the distance. “That must be the Emerald City,” said Dorothy happily. At last they came to a high wall with a gate. There was a bell next to the gate. Dorothy rang it, and the gate slowly opened. Before them stood a guard [ga:d], dressed from head to toe in green. “Why have you come to the Emerald City?” asked the Guard. “To see the Wizard,” was Dorothy’s reply. “Few have ever seen the great Wizard face-to-face,” said the Guard. “He probably won’t want to see you. But I will take you to his place anyway. First you must put on glasses.” The friends had to obey. “Without these glasses the brightness of the city can blind [blaindj you,” declared the Страшила (чучело) Железный Дровосек (оловянный) кирпичная стволы сияние стражник с головы до ног ответ в любом случае ослепить С 81~'^ Guard. “I will lock a pair of glasses on each of you. Only I have the Key to unlock them.” The Guard put green glasses on each of them — even Toto! Then he opened another gate. Before them was the Emerald City of Oz. What a beautiful sight it was! The streets were paved with green marble. Along them were green houses with tall green columns. There were thousands of emeralds everywhere. They shone in the green sunlight. All the citizens of the Emerald City wore green clothes. In the stores children bought green popcorn and green lemonade. And they paid with little green coins. The Guard led Dorothy and her friends right up to the front door of the Wizard’s palace. There stood a soldier with a long green beard (biodj. “These strangers,” said the Guard to the Soldier, “have come to see the Wizard.” The Soldier went inside. He was gone a very long time. But at last he returned to them. “The Great Wizard of Oz will see you in his Throne Room,” said the Soldier. First the Soldier led Dorothy and her friends through a long hallway. There were a number of people talking to each other and waiting. The Wizard had refused to see each and every one of them. But Dorothy and her friends were taken to the door of the Throne Room. They opened it and walked right in. They found themselves in a large round room with a very high ceiling. In the middle of the room stood a great throne made of green marble. In the centre of it floated a huge Head. There was no body^ to support it. It had no legs or arms. вымощены/мра- мор изумруды борода 82 плавала С Slowly the giant Head turned towards the friends. Then, with a deep and powerful voice, it spoke: “I am Oz, the Great and Terrible. Who are you? What do you want of me?” “I am Dorothy, the Small and Weak,” the girl replied. “Please send me back to Kansas.” “I am only a Scarecrow, stuffed with straw [stro:],” said the Scarecrow. “I would like you to give me some brains so I can think.” “I am a woodchopoer made of tin,” said the Tin Man. “I would like you to give me a heart so I can love others.” “I am a cowardly lion,” said the Lion. “If you give me some courage, I could be King of Beasts [bi:sts].” The Head was silent for a while. Then it spoke again. “Here is my decision. I will send the girl back to Kansas. I will give the Scarecrow brains. I will give the Tin Man a heart. And I will give the Lion courage. But you must гигантский набитый соломой дровосек Царь зверей 83 я исполню желания ваши do something for me in return. You must kill the Wicked Witch of the West!” “But we can’t!” cried Dorothy. “You can’t judge about it, little girl, but I can. There were four witches all in all — two good and two wicked. I hear you’ve killed one wicked witch already. But there is still one wicked witch left in the Land of Oz,” said the Head. “I will grant vour wish-es when she’s dead, no matter how you do it. Not before!” With that, the Head turned into a ball of fire. It burned so fiercely that Dorothy and her friends ran from the room. 1. Put the sentences in the right order. 1. Dorothy rang and the gate slowly opened. 2. The giant Head began speaking in a deep and powerful voice. 3. The Head turned into a ball of fire. 4. The Guard asked the friends to put on green glasses. 5. The Wizard of Oz told the friends to kill the Wicked Witch of the West. 6. The Guard led Dorothy and her friends to the front door of the Wizard’s palace. 7. The friends walked into the Throne Room. 8. The friends asked the Head to help them. 9. Dorothy and her friends came to a high wall with a gate. 10. The giant Head turned towards the friends. 11. All the citizens of the Emerald City wore green clothes. 2. Answer the questions. 1. Where did the yellow brick road bring Dorothy and her friends? 2. Who did the friends see when the gate opened? ^ 3. How was the Guard dressed? H^fetiests, was- 4. The Guard was sure the Wizard of Oz would see n’t he? 5. Who locked the glasses? 6. What was the Emerald City of Oz like? 7. Did the Great Wizard of Oz agree to see the friends or did he refuse them? 8. Who did the friends see in the looft hallway? 84 9. What was the Throne Room like? 10. What made the friends run from the room? 3. Explain why: 1) Dorothy and her friends wanted to see the Wizard of Oz; 2) the Guard locked a pair of glasses on each of the friends; 3) the Emerald City of Oz was an unusual city; 4) there were many people in the long hallway; 5) Dorothy wanted to get back to Kansas; 6) the Scarecrow asked for brains; 7) the Tin Man would like to have a heart; 8) the Lion wanted the Wizard to give him some courage; 9) the Head was silent for a while; 10) the Wizard asked Dorothy and her friends to kill the Wicked Witch. 4. Prove that: 1) the Wizard of Oz was clever; 2) the Wizard of Oz thought much about the safety of the Emerald City; 3) the Wizard of Oz was rather careful; 4) the Wizard of Oz had a great imagination. 5. Speak about the visit to the Wizard of Oz on the part of: a) Dorothy b) the Scarecrow c) the Tin Man d) the Lion e) the Guard of the Gate f) the Soldier Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. Slavery A slave is a person who is owned completely by another person and is bought and sold in the same way as any other piece of property. Slave-owning has been practised by many civilizations throughout history. Today, no country upholds the right to practise slavery, although in certain areas, particularly in Arabia, the Far East, and Latin America, practices such as serfdom, child labour, and forced marriage severely restrict freedom. 85 As slaves belonged completely to their owners and had no rights of their own, they were obliged to carry out whatever work was given them to do, however hard and cruel it was. Many slaves died of ill treatment, but others had masters who treated them kindly. At various times and in various societies people have been enslaved in many ways: through capture in war, through criminal conviction, or through being born of slave parents. Kidnapping was the usual way, however. Sale by a ruler, guardian, or parent was also common in Latin America and Asia. The Black Page in the US History At the beginning of the 17th century the first black slaves from Africa were brought to the New World. Plantations in the South needed many workers and a lot of planters bought slaves. By I860 there were about four million slaves in the South. In the North farmers didn’t need so many workers, usually all the work was done by the family who owned the farm. The factories in the North hired men, women, boys and girls. It was cheaper and more practical. Soon Northern states gave up slavery. People in the slave states in the South and in the free states in the North argued long and loud over slavery. More and more people in the free states said slavery was a bad thing. “Being a slave is much worse than being a servant,” they said. “Slaves are bought and sold like animals. They have no rights. They have to work all their lives for the men who buy them. They get no education. A slave never knows when the other members of his family may be taken away and sold.” The slave owners answered, “Many of our slaves live better than your Northern factory workers. We have paid a lot of money for our slaves, so we take good care of them. We make sure that they have comfortable cabins, enough to eat and clothes to wear.” “There is one big difference between factory workers and slaves,” the Northerners replied. “Factory workers are free men. They can move any time they wish. They can, for example, move west where land is cheap. No slave can ever do that. If a slave escapes from his owner, he will be found, brought back, and punished.” It was true: quite often slaves really ran away from their masters. They tried to get to Canada and become free there. It was against the law to help such run-away slaves, but many people did so. When runaway slaves reached the free states, they often found people who gave them food and hid them during the day. At night they took the slaves northward to the homes of other friendly people. The route that these run-away slaves followed was called the Underground Railroad. The hiding places were called stations. Many times the slaves were caught and returned to their owners. Some runaway slaves travelled by the Underground Railroad to Canada and freedom. Slave owners hated this system and those who helped slaves to escape. Try your hand at translating and give a good Russian version of the text “The Black Page in the US History”. Heme Reading 11(3» Й Read the text and explain why the Wizard of Oz was surprised that Dorothy and her friends had come back to him with the news that the Wicked Witch was dead. THE WIZARD’S GIFTS After Dorothy had thrown a bucket [Ълки] of water on the Wicked Witch and the Witch had melted away, the Flying Monkeys brought the friends to the gate of the Emerald City. The Guard took Dorothy and her friends to the palace at once. The wonderful news was taken directly to the Wizard. Dorothy was sure that he would call for them right away. But no call came. The Scarecrow soon got tired of waiting. He said he had never trusted the Wizard and sent him this message: “Let us in at once or we’ll call the Flying Monkeys.” The door to the Throne Room was opened to them. The four travellers went in expecting to see the giant Head. But to their surprise, the room was completely empty. Then a voice spoke from high above them. “I am Oz, the Great and Terrible,” said the Voice. “What do you want?” “The Wicked Witch is dead,” said Dorothy proudly. “You must keep your promises to us.” “But this is so sudden,” said the Voice. “Come back tomorrow. Or the next day.” “You’ve had enough time already!” said the Tin Man angrily. “Keep your promises at once!” said Dorothy, stamping her foot. ведро послание гигантский < л а 88 топая ногой Just then Toto started barking at a screen in a corner of the room. He pushed it, and it fell over. Behind the screen was a little old man. The Tin Man raised [reizdj his axe [aeksj. “Who are you?” he asked. “I am Oz,” said the little old man with a shy face. “The G-g-great and T-t-terrible. Please, please don’t hurt me!” “Aren’t you a wizard?” asked Dorothy. “I’m sorry, my dear,” said the old man. “I’m just an ordinary person.” “You’re more than that!” cried the Scarecrow. “You’re a big fake [feikj!” “But I don’t understand,” said Dorothy. “What about the Head and the ball of fire and the Voice?” “Simple magic tricks.” said the Wizard. “You should be ashamed of yourself!” said the Scarecrow. “Oh, I am! I truly am!” said the Wizard. “But you see, it was the only thing I could do.” The Wizard began his story: поднял/топор мошенник фокусы Тебе должно быть стыдно 89 “I was born in a faraway town called Omaha ['эитэЬа:).” “That’s near Kansas!” Dorothy said. “I grew up in a big family: I had a father, a stepmother and a number of stepbrothers and stepsisters. I can’t say that we lived in poverty but I knew that it wasn’t easy for my father to earn his living. Father wanted me to be well educated but I ran away with a circus. In the circus I flew balloons. I travelled about the country with the circus and every time we came to a new place it was a big event that attracted crowds of people. They loved my show and encouraged me with their shouts.” The Wizard was a good storyteller and the friends listened to him with great interest. “But soon it was over,” the Wizard went on. “One day I took off in my balloon and the rones got twisted. I couldn’t come down again. “For a day and a night I floated above the clouds. Finally, I landed in this strange place. The people saw me come out of the clouds. They thought I must be a great wizard and talked to me with great respect. Of course, I let them go on thinking so. “The people built me this city and this palace. I made everyone wear green glasses, so everything seemed to be green. Then I named this place the Emerald City.” “I think you are a very bad man,” said Dorothy. “No, my dear,” replied the Wizard. “I am a very good man. But I am a very bad wizard.” “You can’t give me brains, then?” asked the Scarecrow. “You don’t need them,” said the Wizard^ веревки плыл < \ 90 “You’re learning something every day and this is how you get your wisdom.” “But I’m so unhappy without brains,” said the Scarecrow. “Well,” said the Wizard. “I’m not much good at this, but...” The Wizard took a lot of pins and needles. Then he took off the Scarecrow’s head. He mixed the nins and needles in with the straw. Then he put the head back in place. “Now you’re the smartest man around,” said the Wizard. “I have given you lots and lots of sharp new brains.” “And how about my heart?” asked the Tin Man. “You’re very lucky not to have one,” said the Wizard. “It makes most people unhappy. But I can give you a heart if vou want one so badly.” The Wizard took a heart made of silk, cut a small hole in the Tin Man’s chest and placed the shiny new heart there. Then he patched the Tin Man up again. “What about my courage?” asked the Lion. “You have a lot of courage already,” said the Wizard. “There’s nothing wrong with being afraid of danger. You just need to believe in yourself, that’s all. But if you must have courage...” The Wizard took a large green bottle out of his desk. The label said COURAGE. He poured some of it into a cup and gave it to the Lion, who drank it quickly. “How do you feel now?” the Wizard asked the Lion. “Like the King of Beasts!” said the Lion happily. “And now it’s mv turn.” said Dorothy. But the Wizard’s face got sad. “Give me У меня это не очень хорошо получается булавки и иголки острый если тебе его уж так хочется поставил заплату ярлык налил моя очередь 91 some time,” said the Wizard. “This will take some thinking.” Four days passed with no word from the Wizard. Then, at last, he sent for Dorothy. “I’ve found a way to get you to Kansas,” he said. “We can make a balloon to carry us there. It’s our chance.” “Us?” said Dorothy with surprise. “Are you going to Kansas too?” “Yes, indeed!” said the Wizard. “I’m tired of being a fake. I prefer to go back to the circus.” So the Wizard and Dorothy made a balloon. And the Tin Man chopped wood for a huge fire. The fire would heat the air in the balloon to make it rise. A huge crowd gathered in front of the palace. The Wizard climbed into a large basket that hung from the balloon. “While I am gone,” the Wizard told the crowd, “the Scarecrow will rule in my place. He is the wisest man in the Land of Ozl” Dorothy held To to in her arms. The balloon was full of hot air from the Tin Man’s fire. Just as Dorothy was about to climb into the basket, the rope broke. All alone, the Wizard of Oz floated up into the clouds. 1. Remember who in the story said it. нарубил корзина 1. “Let us in at once or we’ll call the Flying Monkeys. 2. “But this is so sudden. Come back tomorrow. Or the next^W.” 3. “You’ve had enough time already!” 4. “Keep your promises at once! /"vC^ 5. 6. < 7. 8. 9. 10. 92 “Aren’t you a wizard?” “I was born in a faraway town called Omaha.”. “I think you are a very bad man.” “You can’t give me brains, then?” * \ ^ “And how about my heart?” \ ^ “Give me some time. This will take sojrne thinking.” 2. Say “True”, “False” or “I don’t know”. 1. Dorothy was sure that the Wizard of Oz would call for them right away. 2. The Wizard of Oz was afraid of Dorothy and her friends. 3. The Wizard of Oz was surprised that Dorothy and her friends had come back to the Emerald City, 4. Dorothy and her friends wanted the Wizard of Oz to keep his promises. 5. The Wizard of Oz could not help the friends. 6. The Tin Man wanted to kill the little old man who was behind the screen. 7. The Wizard of Oz was not a wizard at all. 8. The Scarecrow believed that he had become very wise. 9. The Wizard was tired of being a fake. 10. All the people of the Emerald City were glad that the Scarecrow would rule in their country. 3. Explain why: 1) the four travellers expected to see the giant Head in the Throne Room; 2) the Wizard of Oz asked the friends to come back some other day; 3) Dorothy asked the Wizard to keep his promises at once; 4) Toto started barking at a screen in a corner of the room; 5) the Tin Man raised his axe when he saw a little old man behind the screen; 6) the Scarecrow called the little old man “a big fake”; 7) the Wizard of Oz told the friends his story; 8) the people of the land where the Wizard’s balloon had landed thought he was a great wizard; 9) the Wizard of Oz didn’t tell the people he was not a wizard; 10) the Wizard of Oz floated up into the clouds all alone. 4. Prove that: 1) the Scarecrow was clever; 2) the Wizard of Oz was surprised that Dorothy and her friends had come back; 3) the Wizard of Oz wanted to come back to Kansas; 4) the Wizard was a success when he travelled with the circus; 5) the Wizard was a good storyteller; 6) the Wizard of Oz did not lead a happy life; 7) the Wizard of Oz was not a bad man. 93 8) the Wizard of Oz tried to help Dorothy’s friends to get what they wanted to have; 5. Speak about the travellers’ visit to the Wizard of Oz on the part of: a) Dorothy b) the Scarecrow c) the Tin Man d) the Lion e) Toto f) the Wizard of Oz Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the texts. If you see some new words in the texts, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the texts. From the History of Washington, D. C. Following the American Revolution the newly formed United States needed a capital city. Various sites, including Philadelphia, were proposed. However, Congress passed a bill in 1790 giving permission for a site to be chosen somewhere near the Potomac River. This section of land was to be called the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus; the city to be built on it was to be named Washington in honour of the first president. In 1791 President George Washington chose the site where the city now stands, and selected Pierre Charles L’Enfant, a young Frenchman who had fought in the American Revolution, to design the city. L’Enfant planned the city with broad avenues lined with trees, majestic buildings, and monuments. The Washington Monument As you know, the US capital was named after George Washington, the first American President, the Father of the Country. American^'’ wanted to have a statue of George Washington in the centre of the , ital. In 1832 Congress found money for the statue. They wanted^^V) be a big statue of Washington on horseback and asked an artist tb do the work. The artist worked for eight long years and finally the statue was ready. But there was a problem: the artist worked (m^Florence, Italy. How could they get the statue from Italy to America/ Congress discussed this problem for weeks and after all they sent a man-of-war to bring the statue across the Atlantic Ocean. But the marble George weighed twelve tons, and it took forty-four oxeK to pull him over the Italian roads... • \ > 94 [When the statue arrived in Washington, congressmen were shocked to see that the great hero had been made sitting on a chair, naked to the waist. It was not what they wanted. So they decided to put the statue inside the Capitol. At the Capitol doors they understood that the statue was too large. They made the doors wider and carried the statue in. Then they understood that the statue was too heavy because the floor was sinking under it. The statue was carried out again. They put the statue of George Washington near the Capitol building where it stood for a while. There was a sword in the figure’s hand. George looked very sad, it seemed that he was crying, “Take my sword if you wish, but bring me some clothes!” The statue is now in the National Museum of American History, where it is safely out of the rain. But what about the monument? Americans still wanted to have it in their capital. So they collected money and held a competition for the best one. The competition was won by Robert Mills. He designed a huge obelisk that would stand high above the city. The building began in 1848. It cost a lot of money, but some states and countries helped by giving marble blocks. The monument was half finished when they had to stop. The whole business had got into the hands of some dishonest people. And so, for twenty-five years this half-finished monument stood in the centre of Washington useless and ugly. Only much later it was completed and began to look as it looks now.] Try your hand at translating. Do the translation of the marked part of the second text in writing. Home Reoditiq Read the text and say who the Oompa-Loompas were and why they were unusual workers. THE OOMPA-LOOMPAS Mr. Willy Wonka, the owner of the best chocolate factory in the world, had invited five children and their parents to visit his factory. When the Big Day arrived the five children came to the gates of the factory. The day was bright but cold. An icy wind was blowing. All the territory in front of the factory was covered with snow. Mr. Wonka was standing all alone just inside the gates. And what an extraordinary [ik'stro:dnri] little man he was! He had a black too hat on his head. He wore a tailcoat made of velvet. His trousers were bottle green. His gloves were pearly grey. And his eyes — his eyes were very bright. The whole face, in fact, was full of fun and laughter. And oh, how clever he looked! How quick and sharp and full of life. He was like a squirrel, like a quick clever old squirrel from the park. Suddenly, he did a funny little dance in the snow and he smiled at the five children, and he called out, “Welcome, my little friends! Welcome to the factory and bring your parents.” Then, as the gates closed with a loud noise Mr. Wonka cried, “Here we are! Through this big red door, please! That’s right! It’s nice and warm inside! I have to, keep it warm inside the factory because 96 After Roald Dahl необычный цилиндр фрак/бархат жемчужно-серые \ С the workers. My workers are used to an extremely [ik'stri:mli] hot climate! They can’t stand cold. They had lived in the tropical climate before.” “But who are these workers?” asked Augustus Gloop [o:'gAst9s 'glu:pj. “All in good time, my dear boy!” said Mr. Wonka, smiling at Augustus. “Are you all inside? Good.” They found themselves in a long corridor. The corridor was so wide that an automobile ['э:1этэЫ:1] could easily go along it. The walls were pale pink, the lighting was soft and pleasant. And the smell in the air around them — the smell of coffee and burnt sugar and melting chocolates and peaches and apricots and pears and apple blossoms and caramel ['каегэтэ!] and lemon peel... Soon, Mr. Wonka turned right off the main corridor into another narrower one. Then he turned left. Then left again. Then right. Then left. Then right. Then right. Then left. And fourteen people followed him. It was quite a large party of people, when you came to think of it. There were nine grown-ups and five children. “We’re now going underground! All the most important rooms of my factory are deep down,” said Mr. Wonka. “Why is that?” somebody asked. “There wouldn’t be nearly enough space for them up on top!” answered Mr. Wonka. “These rooms we are going to see are enormous fi'noimssl. They are vast. They are larger than football fields. Down here. I’ve got all the space I want.” Suddenly, Mr. Wonka stopped. In front of him, there was a shiny metal door. On the door, in large letters, it was said: THE CHOCOLATE ROOM. “An important room. чрезвычайно не выносят кожура Наверху для них всех не хватило бы места огромный 4 Афйнасьева, 6 кл. Кп. д/чт. 97 fT this!” cried Mr. Wonka. “This is the centre of the whole factory, the heart of the whole business. And so beautiful! No ugliness in my factory! In we go, then! But be careful, my dear children!” Mr. Wonka opened the door. Five children and nine grown-ups came in. They were looking down upon a lovely valley. There were green meadows on either side of the valley, and along the bottom fbutsm] of it there flowed a great brown river. A mist was rising up from the great warm chocolate river. What is more there was a huge waterfall along the river. Below the waterfall there were many glass pipes [paipsj full of chocolate. Citrous trees and beautiful bushes were growing along the river banks. You could see fields of wheat, and red berries near the bushes. зд, no низу трубы • \ 1 ' 98 The children and their parents could not speak. They simply stood and stared. “The waterfall is most important!” Mr. Wonka said. “It mixes the chocolate. It makes it light. No other factory in the world mixes its chocolate by waterfall! But it’s the only way to do it. And do you like my trees? And my lovely bushes? I told you I hated ugliness. And of course they are all eatable. And all different and very tasty.” Suddenly they saw little people on the bank of the river. They had funny long hair and were very small, no larger than mediumsized dolls. “Who are they?” “Where do they come from?” “What are they doing?” Children and parents were excited. “But they can’t be real people,” Charlie said. “Of course they’re real people,” Mr. Wonka answered. “They’re Oompa-Loompas. They came from Loompaland. It is in the southern hemisphere. The country occupies a small island. The territory is rather swampy, the air is humid and very hot. It is a terrible country! Nothing but thick jungles there. When I went out there, I found the little Oompa-Loompas living in tree houses. They had to live in tree houses because they were afraid of dangerous creatures who lived in the jungles. Poor Oompa-Loompas! They spent every moment of their days climbing the trees and through the trees. And they were living on green caterpillars ['kaetgpibzj and the caterpillars tasted terrible, and the one food they wanted to get was the cocoa ['кэикэи] bean [bi;nj. But they couldn’t get it. An Oompa-Loompa was lucky if he found three or four cocoa beans a year.” 4* таращили глаза гусеницы какао боб /" Л ^ 99 “The cocoa bean,” Mr. Wonka said, “which grows on the cacao tree, happens to be the thing from which all chocolate is made. You cannot make chocolate without the cocoa bean. The cocoa bean is chocolate. So I told the Oompa-Loompas that I had mountains of cocoa beans in my factory.” “Look here,” I said (speaking not in English, of course, but in Oompa-Loompish), “look here, if you and all your people come back to my country and live and work in my factory, you can have all the cocoa beans you want! You can have cocoa beans for every meal. ГИ even pay to you in cocoa beans if you wish.” “And they agreed. So I shipped them all over here, every man, woman, and child. It was easy. They are wonderful workers. They all speak English now. They love dancing and music. They like to sing songs and they like jokes. They still wear the same kind of clothes they wore in the jungle.” 1. Put the sentences In the correct order. 1. The gates closed with a loud noise. 2. Mr. Wonka stopped in front of the door where it was written “The Chocolate Room”. 3. The visitors to the factory saw a beautiful valley. 4. On the Big Day five children and nine parents came to the gates of the factory. 5. Mr. Wonka opened the door to the Chocolate Room. 6. The visitors to the factory found themselves in a long corrj^^* rm________- _________________________________________ . > << 7. 8. 9. 10. The visitors saw little people on the bank of the river. Mr. Wonka was standing all alone inside the open gates. Mr. Wonka told his guests a story of the Oompa-Loompas. Mr. Wonka explained to his guests the way the^waterfall was used at the chocolate factory. Say “True”, “False” or “I don’t know”. 1. Mr. Wonka lived in the jungle. 2. Mr. Wonka’s factory was the most unusi^aLfactory in the world. tie^£ 100 usual : 4^ 3. The Chocolate Room was the centre of the chocolate factory. 4. The waterfall was very important because it was used to mix the chocolate. 5. Mr. Wonka was 37 years old. 6. The Oompa-Loompas were very small and had long hair. 7. The visitors to the factory disliked the Oompa-Loompas. 8. The Oompa-Loompas had lived in the northern hemisphere before they came to Willy Wonka’s factory. 9. The Oompa-Loompas knew many foreign languages. 3. Answer the questions. 1. Where did Mr. Wonka wait for his guests? What was he doing? 2. What did Mr. Wonka look like? 3. What did Mr. Wonka do before he invited his guests to the factory? 4. It was not warm in Mr. Wonka’s factory, was it? 5. Where did the visitors to the factory find themselves after they got inside the factory building? 6. What was the smell in the factory? 7. What room was the most important in the factory? 8. What was the waterfall used for? 9. Where did the visitors see the Oompa-Loompas? 10. What did Mr. Wonka tell his guests about the Oompa-Loompas? 4. Explain why: 1) fourteen people came up to the gates of the chocolate factory on the Big Day; 2) the day when fourteen people came to see the factory was called “The Big Day”; 3) it was very warm inside the factory; 4) the visitors to the factory were going underground; 5) everything in Mr. Wonka’s factory was beautiful; 6) the Oompa-Loompas agreed to come and to live in Mr. Wonka’s factory; 7) the country where the Oompa-Loompas lived was terrible; 8) the Oompa-Loompas spent every moment of their days climbing the trees when they lived in Loompaland; 9) the waterfall was important for the factory; 10) the river in the valley was brown. 5. Say what was unusual about the beautiful valley in Mr. Wonka’s factory. 101 6. Say all you can about the Oompa-Loompas. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. Who Discovered Australia? The Dutch were the first Europeans to visit Australia. Many navigators found themselves on the west coast of Australia. But the Dutch did not know how far east the land stretched, and in 1642 Captain Abel Tasman was sent out to discover what lay in the east. Tasman sailed too far south and didn’t see the mainland, but he visited the island now called Tasmania in his honour. No careful explorations of the continent were made for another century or so. Then in 1770 the English captain James Cook named it New South Wales and reported back to England that much of New South Wales looked good for settlement. In London the British government thought it was a good place to send their convicts. In May, 1787, the first group of convicts and a few soldiers (11 ships and 500 men) made the trip from England to Australia. Life was very difficult for the early convicts. The colonists depended on ships from England for all their food and supplies. Farming was difficult. It was at this time that people began breeding fine merino sheep for their wool. Later the wool industry became Australia’s most important industry. Many convicts earned their freedom and stayed on in Australia. A lot of free English settlers saw the opportunities of the new continent, several free colonies were founded at the beginning of the 19th century. The six early colonies grew and became states of modern Australia: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland, South Australia, Western Australia, and Tasmania (the island state). The independent • ! colonies soon understood the need to act together on certain matters, they began to see the need for unification. The constitution w^ written and approved by the British Crown, and on January 1 the six separate colonies became states in the new Commi^nWealth of Australia. Try your hand at translating. Do the translation of the text in writing. Л 4^ Home Reading Read the text and say why Tooti was a happy bird. TOOTI Once upon a time in a faraway land there lived an old man who travelled all over the world. He had a lot of cages with him and in the cages he had a lot of birds. They had to live in the cages because the man was a bird-seller and he did not want his birds to escape. He had a cockatoo with a lot of large feathers [Tedaz] on the top of its head and lyrebirds with long tails shaped like a lyre, he had a kookaburra and many other curious birds in his collection. One day they arrived in Baghdad [.bseg'deedj, an extraordinary city. Early in the morning all the cages were brought to the central bazaar [bo'za:]. The man wanted the people to notice his birds, so he began: “Come one, come all! Have a look at these extraordinary birdsl Some of them are extremely clever, the others are very graceful. Listen to the kookaburra’s laughter. It has come from the bush. Have a look at this grey parrot!” The old man took a small bamboo libaem'bu;] stick and struck the bird on its bright red tail. “The grey parrot, Tooti by name, is the most unusual bird of his kind.” One by one, the crowd gathered. They were grown-ups and children, young and old, short and tall, thin and fat. They stood look- After S. Oppenheim перья базар бамбуковый 103 They ing at Tooti’s travelling companions, had travelled for so many days! “Where are we?” Tooti asked his companions. “In a bazaar in Baghdad,” the lyrebirds answered. They had been north and south, east and west, and they knew. “In a bazaar, where one buys and sells.” Buys and sells! Tooti looked around and saw many animals near their cages. They were also for sale — rabbits and dingoes, a funny koala and a small kangaroo, two primitives — an anteater and a duckbill. There was a beautiful emu there too. “Who would buy them?” thought Tooti. “Who would buy me?” It was not long before the answer came. “How much?” A large man in a black turban f'tsrbsn] was looking at Tooti. In the noonday sun the man’s white clothes shone like the jasmine f'ctsagsmin] flower. But what Tooti noticed most of all was the man’s smile. And so it was that Tooti came to live in the druggist’s ['drAgists] shop in the centre of the bazaar. The druggist was a kind, loving man who lived alone. “But not really alone!” he would exclaim, raising his finger. “God is always with me.” He prayed [preid] five times a day. Day after day Tooti listened to the prayers f'preiaz] until he knew them by heart. Then one morning, just as the druggist was preparing to say the first prayers of the day, Tooti began, “In the name of God, the All Merciful, the All Compassionate. Thanks be to God, Lord of the World, All Merciful, All Compassionate, Owner of the day of Judgement. тюрбан жасмин аптекарь он обычно восклицал/молился <1^ молитвы \ \ .4^ 104 I We Worship Thee, And Thee we ask for help. Lead us on the straight way, The way of those Thou has blessed. Not of those that have angered Thee Nor of those that go astray.” The druggist stood silent. Tooti spoke the words with such feeling that nassersbv ['pa:s9zbaij stopped to listen. Soon there was a crowd before the druggist’s shop. When Tooti finished many people went to the shop and bought many different things. Word of Tooti’s wonderful ability reached [ri:tjt] every corner of Baghdad. The crowds grew larger and larger, and the druggist’s love for Tooti grew deeper and deeper. Tooti was a very happy parrot! прохожие достигла 105 1. Who said it? 1. “Come one, come all!” 2. “Where are we?” 3. “The grey parrot, Tooti by name, is the most unusual bird of his kind.” 4. “In a bazaar in Baghdad. In a bazaar, where one buys and sells.” 5. “Who would buy them?” 6. “How much?” 7. “God is always with me.” 2. Who in the story: 1) had a lot of extraordinary birds in cages; 2) had to live in cages; 3) had been north and south, east and west; 4) had clothes that shone like the jasmine flower; 5) had a kind friendly smile; 6) prayed five times a day; 7) listened to the druggist’s prayers every day; 8) learned the prayers by heart; 9) was happy? 3. Answer the questions. 1. What birds did the old man bring to Baghdad? 2. Where had the lyrebirds travelled? 3. What was very special about the kookaburra? 4. What was the cockatoo like? 5. What were the lyrebirds like? 6. What animals did Tooti see in the cages in the central bazaar? 7. What were the druggist’s clothes like when Tooti saw him? 8. What was the druggist’s smile like? 9. What was unusual about Tooti? 4. Explain why: 1) the old man travelled a lot all over the world; ^ 2) the old man had many extraordinary birds in his со11е<^Мо4;Г^ 3) the old man came to Baghdad; 4) Tooti wanted to know who would buy him; 5) a crowd gathered around the cages with birds in th^centre of Baghdad one morning; 6) there were many unusual animals in the central bazaar; 7) the druggist said that though he lived alone he was not really alone; 106 8) Tooti liked the man who had bought him; 9) the druggist was surprised when he heard Tooti’s prayers; 10) the druggist’s love for Tooti grew deeper and deeper. 5. Prove that: 1) the old man was a clever seller; 2) the old man had an extraordinary collection of birds; 3) the lyrebirds had travelled a lot; 4) Tooti had a very good memory; 5) the druggist had bought the parrot who was making him rich. 6. Add more details to these. 1. The old man had a lot of cages. 2. One day the old man arrived in Baghdad. 3. The druggist bought Tooti. 4. Tooti became very happy. 5. The central bazaar in Baghdad was a very interesting place. Let Us Widen Our Scope Read the text. If you see some new words in it, look them up in an English-Russian dictionary. Tell your class about the new things that you have learned from the text. FACTS ABOUT AUSTRALIA Do You Know That... Before Europeans arrived in Australia the country was inhabited by aborigines, whose ancestors settled in Australia more than 30 000 years ago. Now the Australian aborigines live mainly in the central and northern parts of the country. Most of them no longer live the tribal life of their ancestors. The total number of aborigines is about 100,000. Before European influence reached them, they moved from place to place, hunting animals and gathering food. The aborigines have the right to vote in national elections. Australia’s total area is about the same as that of the United States, without Alaska and Hawaii. Unlike Europe, Asia, or the Americas, Australia has no very high mountains or deep valleys. The Great Barrier Reef is the world’s largest coral formation. It runs along the coast for 2000 kilometres (1,250 miles). It is separated from the mainland by shallow water. A few islands there have become popular resorts. The area is the home of many rare forms of sea life. 107 _ 'i' Sheep farming was Australia’s earliest economic activity, and it is still the leading farm activity. Sheep farmers are called graziers in Australia. The most popular sports are swimming, surfing, and yachting. Horse racing is also very popular. Education is compulsory in Australia. Children must begin school when they are 6 and stay until they are at least 15. There are state schools (supported by the government) and many private schools. As in England, the leading private schools are called public schools. The school year begins in late January or early February and ends in mid-December. This time of the year is summer in the Southern Hemisphere. English is the language spoken in Australia, but it is spoken with a distinctive accent. The Australians have the language with a rich variety of their own expressions — so much so that their conversation is sometimes hard for an English-speaking foreigner to follow. Some Australian Words and Phrases a bush — a forest country a no-hoper — a useless person to grizzle — to complain to go crook — to get angry 108 a ratbag — someone not seriously a wake-up — someon no fool nP 1 о be taken rp, who is to give somebo(|y th^drurn — to tell the true facts ^ a nong — >^tupid person ^<5 PART II SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Read these texts and do the tasks after them to check your understanding. Use the keys (Part III) to check yourselves. The Miracle Part I After Roald Dahl Charlie Bucket lives with his parents and his four grandparents: Grandpa Joe and Grandma Josephine, Grandpa George and Grandma Georgina. The whole of his family live together in a small wooden house on the edge of a great town. The house is not nearly large enough for so many people and life is extremely uncomfortable for them all. They are a very poor family. During the next two weeks the weather turned very cold. First came snow. It began suddenly one morning just as Charlie Bucket was getting dressed for school. Standing by the window, he saw the huge flakes fall down out of an icy sky. After the snow there came an icy wind that blew for days and nights without stopping and oh, how bitter cold it was! Everything that Charlie touched seemed to be made of ice and each time he got outside the door, the wind was like a knife on his cheek. It was very cold inside the house too. There is something about very cold weather that gives one an enormous appetite. Most of us find ourselves beginning to eat rich soups and hot apple pies and all kinds of warming dishes; and because we are all a great deal luckier than we realize, we usually get what we want — or near enough. But Charlie Bucket never got what he wanted because the family couldn’t afford it, and as the cold weather went on and on, he became awfully hungry. All Charlie got now were those thin, cabbagy meals three times a day. Then all at once the meals became even thinner. The reason for this was that the toothpaste factory, the place where Mr. Bucket worked, suddenly had to close down. Quickly, Mr. Bucket tried to get another job. But he had no luck. Breakfast was a single slice of bread for each person now, and lunch was half a boiled potato. Slowly but surely, everybody in the house began to starve. 109 And every day, little Charlie Bucket would have to pass Mr. Willy Wonka’s giant chocolate factory on his way to school. And every day, as he came near to it, he would smell the wonderful sweet smell of melting chocolate. Sometimes, he would stand outside the gates for several minutes trying to eat the smell itself. “That child,” said Grandpa Joe one icy morning, “that child has^gi^» to have more food. It doesn’t matter about us. We’re too old. But a growing boyl He can’t go on like this! He’s beginning to look like a skeleton.” “What can one do?” said Grandma Josephine. “He refuses to take any of ours. I hear his mother tried to give him her own piece of bread at breakfast this morning, but he wouldn’t take it^ He made her take it back. \ ‘He’s a fine little fellow,” said Grandpa George. “He deserves better than this.” • 110 Correct the statements. 1. During the next two hours the weather got better and better. 2. After the snow there came an icy rain. 3. Charlie Bucket always got what he wanted. 4. When the weather is cold people usually eat very little. 5. Charlie had much more food than the rest of the family because his parents didn’t eat their meals. The Miracle Part II After Roald Dahl The cruel weather went on and on. And every day, Charlie Bucket grew thinner and thinner. His face became white. And now, very calmly, with that curious wisdom that seems to come so often to small children in times of hardship, he began to make little changes here and there in some of the things that he did, to save his strength. In the mornings, he left the house ten minutes earlier so that he could walk slowly to school, and not to have to run. He sat quietly in the classroom during breaks, resting himself, while others threw snowballs and ran and played in the snow. Everything he did now, he did slowly and carefully. Then one afternoon, walking back home with the icy wind in his face, he saw suddenly a silver coin in the snow. It was a fifty pence piecel Quickly he looked around him. Had somebody just dropped it? No, that was impossible because of the way part of the coin was hidden in the snow. Several people went hurrying past him. None of them was looking for any money. Then was it his, this fifty pence piece? Could he have it? Carefully, Charlie pulled it out of the snow. Automatically, Charlie turned and began moving towards the nearest shop. He entered the shop and bought Wonka’s bar of chocolate. He tore off the wrapper and took an enormous bite. Then he took another... and another... and in less than half a minute, the whole thing had disappeared down his throat. Charlie felt extraordinarily happy. He wanted to take the change. Then he paused. There were nine five-penny pieces lying on the counter. Surely it wouldn’t matter if he spent just one more. So Charlie asked for one more of those chocolate bars. “The same kind as before, please,” he said. Ill “Why not?” the fat shopkeeper said. And laid it on the counter. Charlie took it, tore off the wrapper... and suddenly he saw a brilliant flash of gold. Charlie’s heart stood still. “It’s a Golden Ticket,” cried the shopkeeper. “You’ve got a Golden Ticket! You’ve found the last Golden Ticket! Hey, would you believe it!” And here it was. One of the five tickets that would let its owner get to Willy Wonka’s chocolate factory. Mr. Willy Wonka, the confectionery genius whom nobody had seen for the last ten years, decided to allow five children to visit his chocolate factory. Those lucky five would be shown around the factory and they would be allowed to see all the secrets and the magic of the factory. Then, at the end of the tour, as a special present, all of them would get enough chocolates and sweets to last them for the rest of their lives! Five Golden Tickets in five chocolate bars would let five children in. And Charlie Bucket was one of them. Answer the questions. 1. What happened to Charlie as the weather^held cold and cruel? 2. What did Charlie find one afternoon? • ..2 ^ 3. Where did Charlie find the coin? 4. How many bars of chocolate did Charlie buy? 5. What was there in the second bar of chocolate? A First Lady Part I By Beverly Enwall Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1884—1962) lived in a big house. Her mother and father knew many important people. Her father’s brother, Theodore, was going to be president of the United States. Eleanor’s family liked parties, dances and fancy dinners. But Eleanor was a very unhappy girl. Eleanor’s mother was beautiful. Her aunts were beautiful. Her cousin, Alice, the president’s daughter, was beautiful. But not Eleanor. Eleanor was too thin. Her mouth and teeth were too big. Her back was not straight. She had to wear a steel brace. “She’s such an odd child,” her mother told everybody. “We call her ‘Granny’.” “You’ll never have any boyfriends, Eleanor,” her aunt said. “You’re such an ugly duckling.” Only her father seemed to love her. No one else paid much attention to her. She didn’t have any friends her own age. She didn’t have many clothes of her own, either. When she needed a dress, her aunts would make it over from one of their old dresses. When Eleanor was fourteen, her grandmother sent her to school in England. For the first time, Eleanor had friends her own age. She got to see France and Italy, too. She loved to travel. Then she came home. She was a young lady now. Young ladies went to dances and parties. That was not much fun for Eleanor. Not many boys asked her to dance. “No girl in our family has ever been so unpopular,” said her aunts. Eleanor tried not to be sad. She saw many people around her with worse problems. There were children without homes. Many women worked long hours in factories for very little money. Eleanor tried to find ways to help people with real problems. Then something wonderful happened. At the parties Eleanor began to see Franklin Roosevelt. He was her sixth cousin. He was handsome and very popular. He liked Eleanor. “Cousin Eleanor has a good mind,” he said to his mother. When Eleanor was nineteen, Franklin asked her to marry him. 113 Everyone was surprised. They expected Franklin to marry someone rich and better known. Franklin’s mother was not happy. But Eleanor and Franklin got married anyway. Eleanor’s uncle, President Theodore Roosevelt, came to the wedding. First Eleanor’s mother-in-law told her what to do. She told Eleanor how to raise her children. She told her how to fix up her house. Eleanor listened, because she wanted to please her mother-in-law. But as the years passed, Eleanor began to listen less and less. “Something inside of me wanted me to be myself,” she said later. Franklin went into politics. He was elected a member of the government of New York state. Eleanor did not know much about politics. But she wanted to be a good wife, so she began to study and learn. Franklin wanted to make laws to help the average man. Eleanor began to see that she could help, too. In government she could meet important people who could help the poor. V 'O “Every person can teach me something,” she said. Franklin went to Washington, D.C., to work in the Navy Department. In Washington, Eleanor began to make many new friends. She met people in the government and people from many other countries, too. She was busy making visits, having people to^dinner, and raising her children. Someone told her that many of th^Nwives of the young Navy 114 'W officers were very lonely in Washington. Eleanor began to visit them, too, and invite them to her home. Then the United States entered World War I. Franklin was very busy, too. He often worked from nine o’clock in the morning until midnight. Eleanor helped with the Red Cross. She visited Navy hospitals and talked to Franklin about what she saw. In the hospitals she saw wounded sailors and their families. She said she learned much about human kindness on those visits. She also came to hate war. After the war, Franklin ran for vice-president of the United States but lost the election. He was out of politics, and so was Eleanor. Now she went to teas and parties. But Eleanor found that boring, so she learned to cook and type. She finally learned to drive a car. She also started to help women learn to vote. Until then, only men voted. Eleanor felt that women should also know about politics. They needed to learn to use their votes well. Make the right choice. 1. Eleanor was not a ... child. a) clever b) happy c) kind 2. At school Eleanor had ... for the first time. a) friends b) books c) new clothes 3. Franklin Roosevelt was Eleanor’s ... a) father b) cousin c) uncle 4. Franklin wanted to make ... to help ordinary people. a) peace b) amendments c) laws 5. After the war Eleanor helped women learn to ... a) vote b) drive c) type A First Lady Part II By Beverly Enwall Then a very sad thing happened. Franklin got polio. For many months he could not walk at all. For the rest of his life he could not walk without crutches. Franklin’s best friend was a newspaper man, Louis Howe ['lu:is hau]. “If you get into politics,” Louis told Eleanor, “Franklin will get interested again. It will be good for him.” Soon Eleanor had no time for teas and parties. She worked to help 115 1 make jobs better for women. She worked to get more women into politics. She was on radio programs. She wrote articles for newspapers. Louis Howe taught her to make good speeches so that she could get more people to help. “Have something to say, say it, and sit down,” Louis said. Eleanor became very good at making speeches. Franklin did get interested again in politics. He ran for governor of New York and won. Now Eleanor had even more to do. As governor, Franklin was interested in saving the forests, in improving life for workers and for Indians, in having better schools, and in building better transportation. He also visited many places run by the state government. He could not walk very far on his crutches. So he asked Eleanor to do the walking for him. She visited prisons, orphanages, and hospitals and told Franklin about what she saw. Franklin asked so many questions that Eleanor learned to look for everything. Then Franklin ran for president of the United States. America was in trouble. Many people were without jobs. There had never been so many poor people in the country. Eleanor believed Franklin could help. Franklin won the election. He, Eleanor and their five children moved into the White House. Eleanor was a wonderful hostess. She liked people and tried to make them comfortable. In the White House, that was important. During one year she had 4700 people to lunch or dinner. She invited 9200 guests to tea, and 14 000 people to parties. She answered over 100 letters a day with the help of her secretary. As president of the United States, Franklin needed to know about all the states. He could not travel very often, so Eleanor went for him. One of Eleanor’s first trips was to West Virginia. In West Virginia the miners were very poor and very angry. There had been some violent strikes. Franklin wanted to pass laws to help miners. But some politicians said there was no real problem. So Franklin sent Ele^^^^to West Virginia to find out. v t Сл Eleanor saw why the miners were angry. Many lived in Many were sick. Others had no food. Eleanor told Franklin what she had seen. She and Franklin told others. Franklin got the laws he wanted. He got other laws, too, that helped people have jobs. Not everyone liked his laws, but little by little things got better in the country. Franklin was elected president again. 116 Then war came to Europe. Franklin said the United States had to prepare for war. Eleanor wanted peace. Americans wanted peace, too. But when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor 1'рз:1 'haibaj, the USA found itself in World War II. Franklin was elected president for the third time. Eleanor and Franklin’s four sons went to war. Eleanor worked even harder. She also travelled much. She went to England, Australia and New Zealand to see the war work that women were doing there. She visited soldiers and sailors who were fighting far from home. She travelled thousands of miles. She did not visit just big cities. She also went to small islands. Franklin was elected president for the fourth time. Eleanor was worried about him. No one had ever been president for so many years. She also knew how ill he was. Before a year was over, Franklin Roosevelt died. Eleanor moved out of the White House. She wanted to live a quiet, private life. But she didn’t. The new president asked her to be one of the American representatives to the United Nations. In the United Nations people from many countries wanted to work together for peace in the world. When Eleanor Roosevelt died, she left behind thousands of friends. While many of her friends were very rich and famous, many also were average people. She had worked many years for her dreams of world peace and a better life for everyone. That is how people should remember her. Make the right choice. 1. Franklin Roosevelt got polio and couldn’t ... after that. a) work b) write c) walk 2. Franklin Roosevelt was elected president ... times. a) two b) three c) four 3. Eleanor helped her husband by ... for him. a) making laws b) travelling c) writing speeches 4. One of Eleanor’s first trips was to ... a) Europe b) West Virginia c) California 5. During the war Eleanor travelled thousands of miles to meet ... a) soldiers and sailors b) her sons c) miners and workers 6. Eleanor ... the United Nations Organization. a) worked in b) visited c) wrote about 117 Linnie’s Wish After Janet Hickman The classroom was hot. It was Friday afternoon, past two o’clock. Almost done, thought Linnie, looking through her writing assignment. There were three topics to choose from, written in Miss Crane’s neat round hand near the top of the blackboard. “My Favourite Person” was the first topic. Linnie passed over that one as too hard. She would have to decide among her family — Mom or Dad or Granpop or Aunt Em or Garret — and how could she choose one over the other when they were all so important? “My Favourite Place” was the second topic, one that Linnie rejected as too easy. Her favourite place was home, Granpop’s house, right here in Merritsburg, where she had lived for always. It would be silly to write about Merritsburg for Miss Crane. There wasn’t much to say about such a small town, population 234. And anyway. Miss Crane already knew all about it. The third topic was the one that Linnie chose. My wish by Linnie McKay ) What I want most of all is a dog. Dogs are furry and warm and they lick your hand and curl up on your bed if you let them. I have wanted a dog all my life but my Aunt Em says cats in the barn is one thing but a dog in the house is something else and that’s why I never had one. Aunt Em is the one who takes care of our house and she thinks dogs are dirty, and also that they smell bad and have germs. I do not agree. I think dogs are good friends. There are not many people near my house for me to be friends with, not counting Arnold Anderson. That’s why I would like to have a dog some day, to talk to it and play with it and teach it things. Maybe for my birthday I will get one. Everyone says if things go all right I might get a big surprise for my^DiTMay, and that is not very far away. ^ 118 Then Linnie sat back and chewed her pencil, considering. Should she write more, or was it time for “The End”? The words didn’t say what was inside her when she thought about having a dog. Maybe there weren’t any words like that. Or maybe it was just too hot to think. She pushed her glasses back up and sighed, then she wrote “The End” on her paper. She was tired of writing. To be truthful, she was tired of the fifth grade. Ever since Valentine’s Day, when she had finished the last book on the shelf at the back of the room, she had been waiting for next year. Of course she would be with Miss Crane again because Miss Crane taught the sixth grade too. Zwish. A paper airplane landed softly in the middle of her writing. She turned and made a face at the pilot, a brown-eyed, big-toothed boy three seats back. That Arnold! Probably he was going to fool around and get both of them in trouble with Miss Crane. Aunt Em said that Linnie should just ignore that Anderson boy. He’d never be worth a nickel. Aunt Em said, unless someone wanted to pay him for making noise. But Linnie had always had Arnold for a friend, because there were no girls her age in Merritsburg. He was a pest sometimes, when she wanted to read, or just be by herself; but mostly Linnie thought he was 119 all right. Besides, Arnold had two puppies. Linnie had only seen them once, but she had heard everything there was to know about them. Arnold had found them in a ditch while he was delivering newspapers — little brown pups with snub noses and loppy ears one male and one female. Harry and Bess was what he had named them. “Arnold Anderson,” the teacher said, “I don’t know what you’ve been doing, but it wasn’t your writing assignment. So you will get plenty of time to finish it after school.” Linnie looked quickly at the paper airplane before she crumpled it. “I just remembered I got to tell you something,” was the message on the wing. On the other wing was a single word: “Awful”. One of the things about Arnold was that he exaggerated a lot. Linnie was even pleased, in a way, to be able to walk home alone and dream about the dog. “Here it is. Rosebud,” her dad would say, using her baby name and smiling. “All yours, Linnie,” her mom would say. “We knew just what you wanted this year...” Linnie looked up at the clock. She wanted to get to tomorrow, and then to her birthday, and the dog-to-be. Answer the questions. 1. How many topics to choose from were there on the blackboard? What were they? 2. What did Linnie McKay want most of all? 3. What did Aunt Em think of dogs? Was her opinion different from Linnie’s? 4. What did Linnie think of Arnold Anderson? 5. Why did Linnie go home alone that day? Л 4^ <] a PART III KEYS TO EXERCISES ON THE TEXTS OF PART II Check yourselves. The Miracle. Part I 1. No, it turned very cold. The weather was getting worse and worse. 2. No, it didn’t, after the snow there came an icy wind. 3. On the contrary Charlie never got what he wanted because his family couldn’t afford it. 4. Oh, no. Cold weather usually gives one an enormous appetite. 5. Not quite so. Charlie’s mother tried to give him more food but he wouldn’t take it. The Miracle. Part II 1. He got thinner. His face became white. He learnt to save strength. 2. He found a fifty pence silver coin. 3. He found it in the snow on his way back home from school. 4. He bought two. 5. There was a Golden Ticket inside. A First Lady. Part I 1) b 2) a 3) b 4) c 5) a A First Lady. Part II 1) c 2) c 3) b 4) b 5) a 6) a Linnie’s Wish 1. There were three: a) My favourite person b) My favourite place c) My wish. 2. She wanted a dog. 3. She thought dogs were dirty and they smelt bad and had germs. Yes, it was. Linnie thought dogs were good friends. 4. He was her friend. He was a pest sometimes, but mostly, he was all right. And he had two puppies. 5. Arnold had not done his writing assignment. The teacher asked him to finish it after school. CONTENTS Памятка для учителя Introduction.......... PART I Home Reading Lesson 1........................................ The Hungry Yellow Lion..................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. Scales to Measure the Temperature . Home Reading Lesson 2........................................ The Ski Race. Part I....................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. World Climates..................... Home Reading Lesson 3........................................ The Ski Race. Part II...................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. Interesting Facts about Animal World. Home Reading Lesson 4........................................ How Long Will You Live?.................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. Population......................... The World’s Biggest............... Home Reading Lesson 5........................................ Mr. Wonka and the Indian Prince............................ Let Us Widen Our Scope. Greenpeace......................... Home Reading Lesson 6........................................ The Three Princes..................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. Who Sailed Around the World? Home Reading Lesson 7.................................. The King Is Crowned............................. Let Us Widen Our Scope. Struggle for the Throne. Queen Elizabeth’s Reign^^. 11 12 16 18 23 25 30 31 32 37 IV 3i^ 4 45 Home Reading Lesson 8..................... Robin and the Foresters................ Let Us Widen Our Scope. Elizabethan Theatre Sonnets by W^^Shakespeare vVS «2 ^ 49 50 52 57 58 13 Home Reading Lesson 9........................................ 61 Wedding in the Forest......................................... — Let Us Widen Our Scope. Facts about Scotland............... 66 Home Reading Lesson 10....................................... 68 The Golden Arrow.............................................. — Let Us Widen Our Scope. The History of Wales............... 72 Home Reading Lesson 11.......................................... 74 A Wonderful Journey........................................... — Let Us Widen Our Scope. Some Glimpses of American History . 79 Home Reading Lesson 12.......................................... 81 The Great Wizard.............................................. — Let Us Widen Our Scope. Slavery.............................. 85 The Black Page in the US History . 86 Home Reading Lesson 13.......................................... 88 The Wizard’s Gifts............................................ — Let Us Widen Our Scope. From the History of Washington, D. C. 94 The Washington Monument............... — Home Reading Lesson 14.......................................... 96 The Oompa-Loompas............................................. — Let Us Widen Our Scope. Who Discovered Australia?..........Ю2 Home Reading Lesson 15..........................................103 Tooti...................................................... Let Us Widen Our Scope. Facts about Australia..............107 PART II. Supplementary Material The Miracle. Part I..........................................109 The Miracle. Part II..........................................HI A First Lady. Part 1.........................................118 A First Lady. Part II...................................... Linnie’s Wish.................................................H8 PART III Keys to Exercises on the Texts of Part II....................121 Учебное издание АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК Книга для чтения VI класс Пособие для учащихся общеобразовательных учреждений и школ с углублённым изучением английского языка Авторы- составители: Афанасьева Ольга Васильевна Баранова Ксения Михайловна Михеева Ирина Владимировна Центр группы германских языков Руководитель Центра В. В. Копылова Зам. руководителя Н, И. Максименко Редактор Е. И. Бухарова Художник Н. С. Шеварев Художественный редактор Э. К. Реоли Технические редакторы Е. Н. Зелянина, Г. В. Субочева Корректор И. Б. Окунева Налоговая льгота — Общероссийский классификатор продукции ОК 005-93— 953000. Изд. лип. Серия ИД № 05824 от 12.09.01. Подписано в печать 25.06.12. Формат 70X90 V,g. Бумага офсетная. Гарнитура Школьная. Печать офсетная. Уч.-изд. л. 6,2. Тираж 25 000 экз. Заказ № 32411 (пзт). Открытое акционерное общество «Издательство «Просвещение». 127521, Москва, 3-й проезд Марьиной рощи, 41. Отпечатано в полном соответствии с качеством предоставленных материалов в ОАО «Смоленский полиграфический комбинат». 214020, г. Смоленск, ул. Смольянинова, д. 1. % ГИ' :•./.: ''1^ L V Ф' Y/1’f№3r и Л.-2^ ‘и'Й? ^^■ ; Т ^г.- е . \:.Ef;. i 4’--й|' 'tiWi 1ж? rft Щ| ^ ш, ¥■:.#? Ы\''^ЧШ '"'й( ■ lA'if •V 1'м{ ifi, IW' тш^: --;.№■ йК'Г-М/ ‘Ншг ;.ф, ^ ■|ir.,ii-' ■ f: ■ Ъ 4^;'fei ij/ Sr-'fe'Sti 1» -*t ■ . . !i i; ?f-4'. .-'j& ,■ " S' „v, i'i '«rj-.t J № 4Ш ; '/,5; '• %'t . j ,.*fc г'Ж ■ , 4nf I?'.- J ■f -)'' I- -' ’'‘•Л,1 K'. ’^'.• • .-Ml' V*" . yjl4* '^ * 'J r v.ri '.>r'f ♦■Л. , ' ‘ ^ ‘ ‘ iliTSrY ■i/^er. I»3 i A I I I Учебно-методический комплект «Английский язык» авторов О. В. Афанасьевой, И> В. Михеевой для VI класса включает: